Nucleolus and Chromosomes in &lt;i&gt;Euglena gracilis&lt;/i&gt;

O'Donnell, Elsa H. J.

doi:10.1508/cytologia.30.118

Cited by 21 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Establishing the actual size of the nuclear genome of E. gracilis is a challenge because the chromosome number is often debated involving estimates between 4 (O'Donnell, 1965) and 45 (Henningsen, 1958). The most recent estimate of the number of chromosomes is 42 (Dooijes et al, 2000).…”

Section: Molecular Characteristics and Tools Of E Gracilismentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular tools and applications of Euglena gracilis: From biorefineries to bioremediation

Khatiwada

Sunna

Nevalainen

2020

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Euglena gracilis is a promising source of commercially important metabolites such as vitamins, wax esters, paramylon, and amino acids. However, the molecular tools available to create improved Euglena strains are limited compared to other microorganisms that are currently exploited in the biotechnology industry. The complex How to cite this article: Khatiwada B, Sunna A, Nevalainen H. Molecular tools and applications of Euglena gracilis: From biorefineries to bioremediation. Biotechnology and Bioengineering.

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Section: Molecular Characteristics and Tools Of E Gracilismentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular tools and applications of Euglena gracilis: From biorefineries to bioremediation

Khatiwada

Sunna

Nevalainen

2020

Biotech & Bioengineering

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“…Subsequent studies of Euglena included papers on mitosis in Euglena acus, E. spirogyra, and E. viridis (Leedale 1959), depolymerization patterns of the nuclear constituents in the interphasic and mitotic stages of Euglena gracilis var. bacillaris treated with DNAse, RNase, trypsin, and α-chymotrypsin in vivo (O Donnell 1965), and nuclear changes following treatment with actinomycin D (O Donnell-Alvelda 1967). Then, there were no papers on Euglena in Cytologia for 40 years until Sumida et al (2007).…”

Section: Microalgae First Published In Cytologiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide Research Trends on Microalgae and Recent Work in Cytologia

Hosokawa

Kawano

2020

CYTOLOGIA

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The latest issue of Cytologia (Vol. 85, Issue 2) includes a regular paper on the long-awaited karyotype analysis of the primitive red alga, Cyanidioschyzon merolae 10D, by Kuroiwa et al. (2020) and a technical note by Miyagishima and Fujiwara (2020) introducing a method to induce a controllable gene expression system in C. merolae. In recent years, Cytologia has focused on introducing the latest research on microalgae and has published excellent papers, such as the two mentioned above. An analysis of worldwide trends in microalgae research based on a bibliometric study found that the number of published papers has increased exponentially since 1990 and 2008. The most relevant journals in this field are Bioresource Technology and Algal Research. Similarly, the number of papers in Cytologia is increasing steadily. Much interest is focused on Chlorella and Chlamydomonas. The major keywords appearing in more than 1,000 articles are those related to microalgae culture, such as biomass, biofuels, lipids, and their applications, or methodologies such as bioreactor. Today, microalgae are attracting attention (i) as sources of high-value compounds such as carotenoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and phycobiliproteins, (ii) as whole biomass used as ingredients for food and feed, (iii) as extracts or processed biomass to produce biofuel and biofertilizers, and (iv) for bioremediation to ameliorate wastewater, soil, and polluted smoke. In this paper, we focus on how algae and microalgae are treated in Cytologia.

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“…The number of chromosomes in euglenids, even in the model euglenid flagellate, E. gracilis , remains unknown. It has been reported that E. gracilis possesses 4 (O'Donnell, ), 42 (Dooijes et al, ) or 45 (Leedale, ) chromosomes. It also seems that chromosome numbers vary within populations of the same euglenid species.…”

Section: Euglenozoan Nuclear Genomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative molecular cell biology of phototrophic euglenids and parasitic trypanosomatids sheds light on the ancestor of Euglenozoa

et al. 2019

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Parasitic trypanosomatids and phototrophic euglenids are among the most extensively studied euglenozoans. The phototrophic euglenid lineage arose relatively recently through secondary endosymbiosis between a phagotrophic euglenid and a prasinophyte green alga that evolved into the euglenid secondary chloroplast. The parasitic trypanosomatids (i.e. Trypanosoma spp. and Leishmania spp.) and the freshwater phototrophic euglenids (i.e. Euglena gracilis) are the most evolutionary distant lineages in the Euglenozoa phylogenetic tree. The molecular and cell biological traits they share can thus be considered as ancestral traits originating in the common euglenozoan ancestor. These euglenozoan ancestral traits include common mitochondrial presequence motifs, respiratory chain complexes containing various unique subunits, a unique ATP synthase structure, the absence of mitochondria‐encoded transfer RNAs (tRNAs), a nucleus with a centrally positioned nucleolus, closed mitosis without dissolution of the nuclear membrane and nucleoli, a nuclear genome containing the unusual ‘J’ base (β‐D‐glucosyl‐hydroxymethyluracil), processing of nucleus‐encoded precursor messenger RNAs (pre‐mRNAs) via spliced‐leader RNA (SL‐RNA) trans‐splicing, post‐transcriptional gene silencing by the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway and the absence of transcriptional regulation of nuclear gene expression. Mitochondrial uridine insertion/deletion RNA editing directed by guide RNAs (gRNAs) evolved in the ancestor of the kinetoplastid lineage. The evolutionary origin of other molecular features known to be present only in either kinetoplastids (i.e. polycistronic transcripts, compaction of nuclear genomes) or euglenids (i.e. monocistronic transcripts, huge genomes, many nuclear cis‐spliced introns, polyproteins) is unclear.

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Nucleolus and Chromosomes in <i>Euglena gracilis</i>

Cited by 21 publications

References 118 publications

Molecular tools and applications of Euglena gracilis: From biorefineries to bioremediation

Molecular tools and applications of Euglena gracilis: From biorefineries to bioremediation

Worldwide Research Trends on Microalgae and Recent Work in Cytologia

Comparative molecular cell biology of phototrophic euglenids and parasitic trypanosomatids sheds light on the ancestor of Euglenozoa

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