Nucleic Acid Homologies of Selected Bacteria, L Forms, and
            <i>Mycoplasma</i>
            Species

Rogul, Marvin; McGee, Zell A.; Wittler, Ruth G.; Falkow, Stanley

doi:10.1128/jb.90.5.1200-1204.1965

Cited by 36 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…When measured by optical density changes over 30 min, the a-toxin was a potent lytic agent, but streptolysins S and 0 were inactive against two Acholeplasma species and somewhat less active against two Mycoplasma species. Our finding of a significant difference in sensitivity of bacterial L-forms and mycoplasmas to the inhibitory effect of the streptococcin would seem to strengthen further the distinction drawn between these two groups of cell wall-deficient organisms (15). Several hypotheses can be proposed to explain the phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Considering the suggestion that some streptococcins are defective or incomplete phage particles (4), an alternative consideration is that the nature of the nucleic acid component of mycoplasmas is so different from that of bacterial L-forms that the particle cannot exert its effect. Some support for this concept might be found in the low guanine plus cytosine content of mycoplasma deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as opposed to that of most bacterial and L-form DNA (15). Additionally, genome sizes which have been determined for a number of mycoplasmas are smaller than those of bacteria (1).…”

Section: I-l F24lmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This concept would not easily explain the failure of the streptococcin to inhibit growth of the Streptobacillus L-form. Nor could it be invoked to explain the difference in activity of the streptococcin on parent bacteria and their derived L-forms, as the DNA of an Lform is essentially the same as that of its parent (15). Some evidence has been presented that the actively growing L-forms of P. mirabilis strain 9 may incorporate cholesterol if it is present in sufficient concentration (12).…”

Section: I-l F24lmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential Action of a Streptococcal Bacteriocin on Mycoplasmas and Microbial L-Forms

et al. 1971

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Bacteriocin activity of Streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes was tested against a variety of bacteria, L-forms, and mycoplasmas. Both a partially purified liquid preparation and a colony overlay technique were used. Other S. faecalis strains were the only bacteria whose growth was inhibited. The liquid preparation inhibited growth of all but three of the tested L-forms (whether derived from grampositive or gram-negative bacteria), and two of these exceptional organisms were inhibited when the colony overlay technique was employed. On the other hand, the L-form of Streptobacillus moniliformis and all 33 tested mycoplasmas grew readily in the presence of the bacteriocin when either method was employed. It is suggested that the presence of cholesterol in the Streptobacillus and mycoplasmal membranes, unique in this regard among procaryotic cells, may be responsible for the differential pattern of growth inhibition. a2d colicinis Organism Mycoplasma argintilni M. arthlriditis M. bovigeniitali/um M. bov'irhinis M. camiis M. edwardii M. felis M. fernen tansb M. gallisepticulm M. galliiiarium M. gateae M. Ihoiniiish M. Ihyorhiniisb M. iniers M. lipophilhni M. maciuloslin M. meleagridis M. neurolyticurmb M. orale I M. orale I1 M. orale III M. puteimoniiae

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: I-l F24lmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: I-l F24lmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential Action of a Streptococcal Bacteriocin on Mycoplasmas and Microbial L-Forms

et al. 1971

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“…Thus, there is presently no evidence for a relation between any mycoplasma and bacteria known to be responsible for bovine mastitis. Further studies should include DNA homology analyses, as described by Rogul et a/. ( 1965).…”

Section: Mycoplasma and Bacteria Isolated From The Bovine Mammary Glandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine Mycoplasma Mastitis*

Kehoe

Norcross

Carmichael

1967

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Introduction and Historical SurveyOne of the more difficult problems encountered by investigators interested in the pathogenicity of the genus Mycoplasma is distinguishing between the mere association of these organisms with disease and a true cause-effect relationship. In this context, diseases that have been unequivocally shown to be due to mycoplasma infection alone assume particular significance, especially if such diseases occur naturally. An infectious mastitis of cattle is in this category.Mycoplasma infection of the bovine mammary gland was probably first observed by Alstrom (1955) in Sweden. He isolated pleomorphic organisms from bovine milk on serum-enriched media and considered them variants of bacteria present in some of the same milk samples. Retrospectively, it seems likely that these serum-dependent organisms were mycoplasma.The English investigators Davidson and Stuart (1960), in a brief report, described the isolation of mycoplasma from milk samples taken from cows with mastitis, but did not clearly establish an etiological relationship.Hale et al. ( 1962) at the University of Connecticut cultured mycoplasma from the milk of cattle suffering from severe mastitis. Similar results were reported by Carmichael et al. (1963), who isolated mycoplasma from severe mastitis cases in IS New York dairy herds. Both groups showed that the disease could be reproduced readily with pure cultures and described clinical and pathological changes that occurred in infected udders. In 1961, Langer isolated a hemadsorbing agent in tissue culture from the milk of a cow with bacteria-free mastitis. Langer initially considered this agent a virus, and designated it strain 56-R. Further study (Langer and Carmichael, 1963) showed that 56-R could be cultivated on artificial serum-enriched media, and that this isolate possessed characteristics of mycoplasma. Other milk samples drawn in 1961 from cows with mastitis had given negative results on conventional bacteriological media, but produced definite, though slight, changes in inoculated bovine kidney cell cultures. Although no microorganisms were identified, the milk samples were considered suspicious and were frozen for study at a later time. After the identification of 56-R as a mycoplasma, the stored samples were recultured on serum-enriched artificial media, and a portion of them yielded mycoplasma. These isolates, however, were different from strain 56-R. Severe, purulent bovine mastitis was produced experimentally with pure cultures of each strain.In 1963, Stuart et al. published the results of further studies on isolates from bovine mastitis in England, and presented proof that the mycoplasma which they had isolated were responsible for the outbreaks of severe mastitis that had been observed earlier (Davidson and Stuart, 1960).

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“…The heterogeneity of mycoplasmas was seen in the serological studies and now can be seen in the range of GC content. Neimark (1970) , Neimark, 1967, Neimark and Pene, 1965, Rogul et al, 1965.…”

Section: Use Of Guanosine Plus Cytosine Content In Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A taxonomic study of selected avian mycoplasma serotypes utilizing nucleic acid hybridization procedures

Thomas

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Nucleic Acid Homologies of Selected Bacteria, L Forms, and Mycoplasma Species

Cited by 36 publications

References 29 publications

Differential Action of a Streptococcal Bacteriocin on Mycoplasmas and Microbial L-Forms

Differential Action of a Streptococcal Bacteriocin on Mycoplasmas and Microbial L-Forms

Bovine Mycoplasma Mastitis*

A taxonomic study of selected avian mycoplasma serotypes utilizing nucleic acid hybridization procedures

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