Nucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis

Brady, Colin J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-520920-5.50011-0

Cited by 30 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…We have also found this to be true in soybean (Jiang et al, 1993), and similar conclusions have been drawn in wheat and Pkaseolus (Brady, 1988;Bate et al, 1991). This is not a general phenomenon, however, since in some species posttranscriptional controls regulate Rubisco accumulation during at least part of the leaf developmental process (reviewed by Brady, 1988;Mullet, 1988;Huffaker, 1990). The signals that integrate RbcS transcription in the nuclear-cytoplasmic compartment with rbcL transcription in the plastid are poorly understood but involve both endogenous (e.g.…”

supporting

confidence: 68%

“…The elements that control photosynthetic rates during leaf development have been broadly defined in a number of species and include Rubisco content and activity, as well as other components of the photosynthetic apparatus (reviewed by Brady, 1988;Gepstein, 1988;Jiang et al, 1993). However, little attention has been paid to the molecular mechanisms that regulate the accumulation of these components during leaf development.…”

Section: ~ ~ ~mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leaf development is commonly studied by examining the development of a single leaf that occupies a given nodal position on the plant. Because invasive procedures that destroy the leaf are frequently needed, these kinds of experiments require a large number of replicate isogenic plants (Brady, 1988;Hensel et al, 1993;Jiang et al, 1993). However, isogenic lines of the antisense plants are not available, making this approach impractical with these plants.…”

Section: Plant Crowthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Cyt f may be lost somewhat more rapidly in older leaves of the antisense plants. This may have important consequences for the regulation of photosynthesis rates in these plants; iis observed in other systems, the Cyt b,/fcomplex is often rate limiting for photosynthesis during the senescence process (reviewed by Brady, 1988). In addition to the a1:erations in Cyt f, CAB levels may be decreasing somewhat less rapidly in senescing leaves of the antisense plants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of Photosynthesis during Leaf Development in RbcS Antisense DNA Mutants of Tobacco

Jiang

Rodermel

1995

Plant Physiol.

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We have previously characterized RbcS antisense DNA mutants of tobacco that have drastic reductions in their content of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco; S.R. Rodermel, M.S. Abbott, 1. Bogorad [1988] Cell55: 673-681). In this report we examine the impact of Rubisco loss on photosynthesis during tobacco (Nicofiana fabacum) leaf development. Photosynthetic capacities are depressed in the antisense leaves, but the patterns of change in photosynthetic rates during the development of these leaves are similar to those in wild-type plants: after attaining a maximum in young leaves, photosynthetic capacities undergo a prolonged senescence decline in older leaves. The alterations in photosynthetic capacities in both the wild type and mutant are closely correlated with changes in Rubisco activity and content. During wild-type leaf development, Rubisco accumulation is regulated by coordinate changes in RbcS and rbcl transcript accumulation, whereas in the antisense leaves, Rubisco content is a function of RbcS, but not rbcL, transcript abundance. This indicates that large subunit protein production is controlled posttranscriptionally in the mutants. The antisense leaves accumulate near-normal levels of chlorophyll and representative photosynthetic proteins throughout development, suggesting that photosynthetic gene expression is not feedback regulated by Rubisco abundance. Considered together, the data in this paper indicate that leaf developmental programs are generally insensitive to sharp reductions in Rubisco content and emphasize the metabolic plasticity of plant cells in

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supporting

confidence: 68%

Section: ~ ~ ~mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plant Crowthmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of Photosynthesis during Leaf Development in RbcS Antisense DNA Mutants of Tobacco

Jiang

Rodermel

1995

Plant Physiol.

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“…One of the most prominent biochemical processes in ripening and senescing fruit is the disassembly of macromolecules, particularly cell wall polysaccharides (Brady, 1988;Fischer and Bennett, 1991). Changes in translatable mRNA populations were shown to occur in ripening fruit (Speirs et al, 1984;Christoffersen et al, 1982) and a number of these products were identified, among the first of which were the cell wall hydrolases endo-b-1,4-glucanase (Christoffersen et al, 1984) and polygalacturonase (DellaPenna et al, 1986).…”

Section: Genetic and Biochemical Determinants Of Fruit Ripeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Programmed senescence of plant organs

Hadfield

Bennett

1997

Cell Death Differ

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The senescence of plant organs associated with reproductive development has been studied extensively during the past century, and it has long been recognized that this type of death is internally programmed. The regulation of organ senescence as well as its biochemical and genetic determinants has been an historically rich area of research. Certain plant hormones have been implicated as regulators or modulators of organ senescence and many of the biochemical pathways associated with the senescence syndrome have been elucidated. The genetic basis of organ senescence has also been well established by the identification of mutations that impair the senescence program and recently, transgenic plants have been used to critically determine the role of specific enzymes and hormonal signals in mediating programmed senescence of plant organs. Here, we review the current understanding of the processes that regulate leaf, flower and fruit senescence, emphasizing the role that programmed organ senescence plays in the adaptive fitness of plants.

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Translational arrest in hypoxic potato tubers is correlated with the aberrant association of elongation factor EF-1? with polysomes

Vayda

Shewmaker²,

Morelli

1995

Plant Mol Biol

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Translation elongation factor EF-1 alpha became stably associated with potato tuber polysomes at the onset of hypoxia, coincident with a sharp rise in lactate and decrease in tissue pH. This aberrant association of EF-1 alpha with polysomes also occurred when aerobic tuber extracts were acidified in vitro. Upon resumption of protein synthesis, an increase in the steady-state levels of EF-1 alpha, and expression of an EF-1 alpha/GUS transgene was observed. These results indicate that translational arrest results from to the failure of EF-1 alpha to dissociate from ribosomes during the elongation cycle, and that restoration of protein synthesis is coordinated with expression of EF-1 alpha.

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Nucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis

Cited by 30 publications

References 121 publications

Regulation of Photosynthesis during Leaf Development in RbcS Antisense DNA Mutants of Tobacco

Regulation of Photosynthesis during Leaf Development in RbcS Antisense DNA Mutants of Tobacco

Programmed senescence of plant organs

Translational arrest in hypoxic potato tubers is correlated with the aberrant association of elongation factor EF-1? with polysomes

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