Nuclei of Tsuga canadensis: Role of Flavanols in Chromatin Organization

Feucht, W.; Schmid, Markus; Treutter, D.

doi:10.3390/ijms12106834

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…the blue colored flavanols catechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin and their dimeric molecules B1, B2 including their condensed proanthocyanidins were determined by DMACA [12] using HPLC techniques [13]. These flavanols were also found in T. baccata [11].…”

Section: Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Acclimation Changes of Flavonoids in Needles of Conifers during Heat and Drought Stress 2015

Feucht

Schmid

Treutter

2016

Climate

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Abstract:The long-term harsh climate conditions in 2015 distorted already from June up to November in all study trees of Tsuga and Taxus the intracellular organization of the needles. Intimately involved in these repressive processes were the flavanols, a small subgroup of the flavonoids. They were not only deposited in vacuoles of conifer needles but also in the nuclei and chromosomes. Among the many flavonoids the small group of catechin derivatives and polymers named flavanols can exclusively be stained blue with DMACA (dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde). From mid-July onward, the vacuolar flavanols of the epidermal cell layers were gradually diminished as evidenced by decreasing blue staining of nuclei and vacuoles. Subsequently, in August also the large spongy mesophyll cells showed the flavanols decreasing progressively. Apparently, the antioxidant flavanols operate as oxygen radical scavengers. (ROS) were used up during the harsh environmental stress conditions. Both, Tsuga and Taxus reacted in this way. However, it is quite surprising that in all study trees the palisade cells did not contain such vacuolar flavanols. Only these cells were in June the first to show a loss of chlorophyll from chloroplasts as well as an efflux of flavanols from the nuclei. Conversely, from September onward another group of phenols, the yellow-staining flavanols were newly formed in the palisade cells and later on also in the mesophyll cells. Obviously, they were assembled finally to stabilize finally the fragile cell sites. Summing up, the present study shows by cytological studies that the climatic conditions in 2015 produced the worst disturbance of subcellular structures observed since 2000 when our studies on nuclear phenols in needles of conifers were initiated.

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Section: Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Acclimation Changes of Flavonoids in Needles of Conifers during Heat and Drought Stress 2015

Feucht

Schmid

Treutter

2016

Climate

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“…Tannins of the pyrogallic and ellagic types, detected in the leaves and roots of Quercus and Rhus species, were localized in chloroplasts, cell walls, and intercellular spaces (Grundhöfer and Gross 2001). They have also been found to be localized in the nucleus (Feucht et al 2008(Feucht et al , 2011 suggesting that they may affect protein complexes that regulate gene expression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Co-occurrence of tannin and tannin-less vacuoles in sensitive plants

Fleurat‐Lessard

Béré²,

Lallemand³

et al. 2015

Protoplasma

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Vacuoles of different types frequently coexist in the same plant cell, but the duality of the tannin/tannin-less vacuoles observed in Mimosa pudica L. is rare. In this plant, which is characterized by highly motile leaves, the development and original features of the double vacuolar compartment were detailed in primary pulvini from the young to the mature leaf stage. In young pulvini, the differentiation of tannin vacuoles first occurred in the epidermis and progressively spread toward the inner cortex. In motor cells of nonmotile pulvini, tannin deposits first lined the membranes of small vacuole profiles and then formed opaque clusters that joined together to form a large tannin vacuole (TV), the proportion of which in the cell was approximately 45%. At this stage, transparent vacuole profiles were rare and small, but as the parenchyma cells enlarged, these profiles coalesced to form a transparent vacuole with a convexity toward the larger-sized tannin vacuole. When leaf motility began to occur, the two vacuole types reached the same relative proportion (approximately 30%). Finally, in mature cells displaying maximum motility, the large transparent colloidal vacuole (CV) showed a relative proportion increasing to approximately 50%. At this stage, the proportion of the tannin vacuole, occurring in the vicinity of the nucleus, decreased to approximately 10%. The presence of the condensed type of tannins (proanthocyanidins) was proven by detecting their fluorescence under UV light and by specific chemical staining. This dual vacuolar profile was also observed in nonmotile parts of M. pudica (e.g., the petiole and the stem). Additional observations of leaflet pulvini showing more or less rapid movements showed that this double vacuolar structure was present in certain plants (Mimosa spegazzinii and Desmodium gyrans), but absent in others (Albizzia julibrissin, Biophytum sensitivum, and Cassia fasciculata). Taken together, these observations strongly suggest that a direct correlation cannot be found between the presence of a tannin vacuole and the osmoregulated motility of pulvini.

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