Nucleation of nanometer-scale electrocatalyst particles in solid oxide fuel cell anodes

Madsen, Brian D.; Kobsiriphat, Worawarit; Wang, Y.; Marks, Laurence D.; Barnett, Scott A.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.12.080

Cited by 159 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The key requirement to prepare such SOFC anodes is to have a catalyst element having good solubility in the lattice in air (at high oxygen partial pressure) and a relatively low free energy of oxide formation so that precipitation of separate metallic phase could take place upon reduction [28].…”

Section: Electrical Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of B-site doped La 0.20 Sr 0.25 Ca 0.45 TiO 3 as SOFC anode materials

Yaqub

Savaniu

Irvine

2015

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Section: Electrical Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of B-site doped La 0.20 Sr 0.25 Ca 0.45 TiO 3 as SOFC anode materials

Yaqub

Savaniu

Irvine

2015

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…So far, this concept has only been demonstrated for A to B stoichiometric perovskites (A/B = 1) and only for a limited number of easily reducible, catalytically active cations (Ni 2+ , Ru 2+ , Rh 4+ , Pd 4+ and Pt 4+ -see Supplementary Figure S1), because the exsolution phenomenon is believed to be exclusively driven by the ease with which these cations reduce to metals [6][7][8][9][10] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ growth of nanoparticles through control of non-stoichiometry

et al. 2013

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Surfaces decorated with uniformly dispersed catalytically active nanoparticles play a key role in many fields, including renewable energy and catalysis. Typically, these structures are prepared by deposition techniques, but alternatively they could be made by growing the nanoparticles in situ directly from the (porous) backbone support. Here we demonstrate that growing nano-size phases from perovskites can be controlled through judicious choice of composition, particularly by tuning deviations from the ideal ABO 3 stoichiometry. This non-stoichiometry facilitates a change in equilibrium position to make particle exsolution much more dynamic, enabling the preparation of compositionally diverse nanoparticles (that is, metallic, oxides or mixtures) and seems to afford unprecedented control over particle size, distribution and surface anchorage. The phenomenon is also shown to be influenced strongly by surface reorganization characteristics. The concept exemplified here may serve in the design and development of more sophisticated oxide materials with advanced functionality across a range of possible domains of application. AbstractSurfaces decorated with uniformly dispersed catalytically active nanoparticles play a key role in many fields including renewable energy and catalysis. These structures are typically prepared by deposition techniques, but alternatively they could be made by growing the nanoparticles in situ directly from the (porous) backbone support. Here we demonstrate that growing nano-size phases from perovskites can be controlled through judicious choice of composition, particularly by tuning deviations from the ideal ABO 3 stoichiometry. This nonstoichiometry facilitates a change in equilibrium position to make particle exsolution much more dynamic, enabling the preparation of compositionally diverse nanoparticles (i.e. metallic, oxides, or mixtures) and seems to afford unprecedented control over particle size, distribution and surface anchorage. The phenomenon is also shown to be strongly influenced 2 by surface reorganisation characteristics. The concept exemplified here may serve in the design and development of more sophisticated oxide materials with advanced functionality across a range of possible domains of application.

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“…Electrolyte supported SOFCs were fabricated similar to the devices previously described [11,13]. LSGM was prepared by a solid state reaction: appropriate quantities of La 2 O 3 , SrCO 3 , and Ga 2 O 3 and MgO were mixed in ethanol, dried, and calcined at 1,250°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operational Inhomogeneities in La_0.9Sr_0.1Ga_0.8Mg_0.2O_3–δ Electrolytes and La_0.8Sr_0.2Cr_0.82Ru_0.18O_3–δ–Ce_0.9Gd_0.1O_2–δ Composite Anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

et al. 2011

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The electrolyte/anode interface in solid oxide fuel cells with La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3–δ electrolytes and composite anodes containing La0.8Sr0.2Cr0.82Ru0.18O3–δ and Ce0.9Gd0.1O2–δ (GDC) was studied using transmission electron microscope Z‐contrast imaging and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The anode/electrolyte interface of an operated cell had numerous defective regions in the electrolyte, immediately adjacent to anode GDC particles. These areas had a different chemical composition than other electrolyte regions and were crystallographically inhomogeneous. These regions were not observed in a cell reduced in hydrogen that was not operated, suggesting that they were the result of combined electrical and chemical potential gradients present during cell operation. Ru nanoparticles were observed on the chromite surfaces of the operated.

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Nucleation of nanometer-scale electrocatalyst particles in solid oxide fuel cell anodes

Cited by 159 publications

References 20 publications

Synthesis and characterization of B-site doped La 0.20 Sr 0.25 Ca 0.45 TiO 3 as SOFC anode materials

Synthesis and characterization of B-site doped La 0.20 Sr 0.25 Ca 0.45 TiO 3 as SOFC anode materials

In situ growth of nanoparticles through control of non-stoichiometry

Operational Inhomogeneities in La_0.9Sr_0.1Ga_0.8Mg_0.2O_3–δ Electrolytes and La_0.8Sr_0.2Cr_0.82Ru_0.18O_3–δ–Ce_0.9Gd_0.1O_2–δ Composite Anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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Nucleation of nanometer-scale electrocatalyst particles in solid oxide fuel cell anodes

Cited by 159 publications

References 20 publications

Synthesis and characterization of B-site doped La 0.20 Sr 0.25 Ca 0.45 TiO 3 as SOFC anode materials

Synthesis and characterization of B-site doped La 0.20 Sr 0.25 Ca 0.45 TiO 3 as SOFC anode materials

In situ growth of nanoparticles through control of non-stoichiometry

Operational Inhomogeneities in La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3–δ Electrolytes and La0.8Sr0.2Cr0.82Ru0.18O3–δ–Ce0.9Gd0.1O2–δ Composite Anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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Operational Inhomogeneities in La_0.9Sr_0.1Ga_0.8Mg_0.2O_3–δ Electrolytes and La_0.8Sr_0.2Cr_0.82Ru_0.18O_3–δ–Ce_0.9Gd_0.1O_2–δ Composite Anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells