Nucleation of metal crystals on ionic surfaces

Robins, J.L.; Rhodin, T. N.

doi:10.1016/0039-6028(64)90074-3

Cited by 116 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Robins and Rhodin found that the nucleation rate was directly proportional to the deposition rate leading them to conclude that nucleation was dominated by point defects (293). Furthermore, their observation that the nucleation density reached a constant maximum regardless of deposition rate or substrate temperature was presented as additional proof that the nucleation process was defect mediated.…”

Section: Growth and Nucleation Of Goldmentioning

confidence: 84%

Surface chemistry of catalysis by gold

et al. 2004

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IntroductionGold has long been regarded as an "inert" surface and bulk gold surfaces do not chemisorb many molecules easily. However, in the last decade, largely through the efforts of Masatake Haruta, gold particles, particularly those below 5 nm in size, have begun to garner attention for unique catalytic properties (1-8). In recent years, supported gold particles have been shown to be effective as catalysts for low temperature CO oxidation (9), selective oxidation of propene to propene oxide (10), water gas shift (11), NO reduction (12), selective hydrogenation of acetylene (or butadiene) (13)

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Section: Growth and Nucleation Of Goldmentioning

confidence: 84%

Surface chemistry of catalysis by gold

et al. 2004

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“…This is beyond the scope of the present paper where we only want to investigate the consequences of the formation of 3D structures on the growth characteristics (mainly saturation island density and island size distribution as a function of the growth parameters). The possible influence of surface defects has been stressed repeatedly [26,30,31]. We want to clarify the manifestations of defects on the growth and to check simple mathematical analysis of the growth by computer simulations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of three-dimensional structures by atomic deposition on surfaces containing defects: simulations and theory

et al. 1998

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We perform a comprehensive study of the formation of three dimensional (pyramidal) structures in a large range of conditions, including the possible evaporation of adatoms from the surface and the presence of surface defects. We compare our computer simulations to theoretical calculations of the growth and find good agreement between them. This work clarifies precedent studies of three dimensional growth and predicts the island size distributions obtained in the different regimes. Finally, we show how our analysis can be used to interpret experimental data.

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“…5͒ or by electron-beam evaporation on KBr at room temperature 17 or on MgO at various temperatures. 18 These works conclude that nucleation occurs preferentially on point defect sites rather than by random nucleation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In spite of being in this regime, the minimum number density of NPs ͑50ϫ 10 11 cm −2 ͒ is approximately 1 order of magnitude higher than the saturation value reported for gold irrespective of the substrate nature or temperature. 5,17,18 Interestingly, an intermediate value ͑16 ϫ 10 11 cm −2 ͒ was reported for a similar amount of ͓Au͔ deposited on amorphous carbon using ion-beam deposition. 19 Values in the range of 3 -5 ϫ 10 11 cm −2 were reported for gold produced by Knudsen cell evaporation on MgO at 600°C ͑Ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assuming that nucleation occurs at point defects ͑i.e., nucleation rate is linear in flux͒, 5,22 using the scaling factor reported in Ref. 18, and provided that the higher the saturation value of the number density of NPs the higher the nucleation rate, we calculate a minimum nucleation rate in our case of 5 ϫ 10 13 cm −2 s −1 . This value is five times higher than the saturation number density extrapolated at room temperature from the Arrhenius dependence reported elsewhere for gold on MgO ͑100͒ produced by conventional evaporation techniques.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of substrate on nucleation and morphology of gold nanoparticles produced by pulsed laser deposition

et al. 2009

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This work compares the morphology of gold nanoparticles ͑NPs͒ produced at room temperature on singlecrystalline ͑MgO nanocubes and plates͒ and amorphous ͑carbon/glass plates͒ substrates by pulsed laser deposition ͑PLD͒. The results show that similar deposition and nucleation rates ͑Ͼ5 ϫ 10 13 cm −2 s −1 ͒ are achieved irrespective of the nature of the substrate. Instead, the shape of NPs is substrate dependent, i.e., quasispheres and faceted NPs in amorphous and single-crystalline substrates, respectively. The shape of the latter is octahedral for small NPs and truncated octahedral for large ones, with the degree of truncation being well explained using the Wulff-Kaichew theorem. Furthermore, epitaxial growth at room temperature is demonstrated for single-crystalline substrate. The large fraction of ions having energies higher than 200 eV and the large flux of species arriving to the substrate ͑10 16 at. cm −2 s −1 ͒ involved in the PLD process are, respectively, found to be responsible for the high nucleation rates and epitaxial growth at room temperature.

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Nucleation of metal crystals on ionic surfaces

Cited by 116 publications

References 7 publications

Surface chemistry of catalysis by gold

Surface chemistry of catalysis by gold

Growth of three-dimensional structures by atomic deposition on surfaces containing defects: simulations and theory

Role of substrate on nucleation and morphology of gold nanoparticles produced by pulsed laser deposition

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