Nucleation effect of unmodified graphene nanoplatelets on PVDF/GNP film composites

Bidsorkhi, Hossein Cheraghi; D’Aloia, Alessandro Giuseppe; Bellis, Giovanni De; Proietti, Alessandro; Rinaldi, Andréa; Fortunato, Marco; Ballirano, Paolo; Bracciale, Maria Paola; Santarelli, María Laura; Sarto, Maria Sabrina

doi:10.1016/j.mtcomm.2017.04.001

Cited by 49 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Several experimental and theoretical studies have confirmed that the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as filler in the PVDF matrix can lead to a relevant increase in the β -phase content [ 16 , 17 ]. Moreover, the role of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) in the nucleation of the electroactive phase in PVDF nanocomposites has been recently investigated [ 18 , 19 ]. GNPs are 2D nanostructures having a high aspect ratio and a large surface area, which promotes a very strong interfacial interaction with the polymeric chains in nanocomposites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GNPs are 2D nanostructures having a high aspect ratio and a large surface area, which promotes a very strong interfacial interaction with the polymeric chains in nanocomposites. This results in an enhancement of the electric [ 20 ], mechanical [ 18 ], piezoresistive [ 21 ], and piezoelectric [ 22 ] properties of the host polymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous works we have investigated the influence of GNP dispersion in PVDF nanocomposites on both β -phase formation [ 18 ] and d 33 enhancement through PFM [ 22 ]. In one case, we found a d 33 of GNP–PVDF nanocomposites limited to 5.2 pm/V.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Piezoelectric Effect and Electroactive Phase Nucleation in Self-Standing Films of Unpoled PVDF Nanocomposite Films

et al. 2018

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Novel polymer-based piezoelectric nanocomposites with enhanced electromechanical properties open new opportunities for the development of wearable energy harvesters and sensors. This paper investigates how the dissolution of different types of hexahydrate metal salts affects β-phase content and piezoelectric response (d33) at nano- and macroscales of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanocomposite films. The strongest enhancement of the piezoresponse is observed in PVDF nanocomposites processed with Mg(NO3)2⋅6H2O. The increased piezoresponse is attributed to the synergistic effect of the dipole moment associated with the nucleation of the electroactive phase and with the electrostatic interaction between the CF2 group of PVDF and the dissolved salt through hydrogen bonding. The combination of nanofillers like graphene nanoplatelets or zinc oxide nanorods with the hexahydrate salt dissolution in PVDF results in a dramatic reduction of d33, because the nanofiller assumes a competitive role with respect to H-bond formation between PVDF and the dissolved metal salt. The measured peak value of d33 reaches the local value of 13.49 pm/V, with an average of 8.88 pm/V over an area of 1 cm2. The proposed selection of metal salt enables low-cost production of piezoelectric PVDF nanocomposite films, without electrical poling or mechanical stretching, offering new opportunities for the development of devices for energy harvesting and wearable sensors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Piezoelectric Effect and Electroactive Phase Nucleation in Self-Standing Films of Unpoled PVDF Nanocomposite Films

et al. 2018

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“…The presence of equal proportions of α and γ phases in P‐120 resulted in an increased roughness value than P‐60. Thus, roughness of PVDF films depends on phase change in the polymer chains . The negative values of skewness (Ssk) for the ultrasonicated PVDF films indicate that the valleys are dominant over the scanned area and positive value for P‐0 show that the peaks are dominant on the surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy‐induced polymorphic changes in poly(vinylidene fluoride): How ultrasonication results in polymer with predominantly γ phase

Roy

Bhuvaneswari

Vijayalakshmi

et al. 2018

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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Self-polarized poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) films were prepared via solution crystallization technique wherein the polymorphism of the films was controlled from α phase (>85%) to γ phase (>90%) by varying the time of ultrasonication. On increasing ultrasonication time up to 60 min, γ phase crystallites were found to be self-aligned in the matrix while an equal proportion of α and γ phases coexist in the PVDF films ultrasonicated for 120 min. The phase conversion as well as inversion was evident from Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry analyses. Microscopic images of films ultrasonicated for 60 min showed a scrolled lamellar morphology while those sonicated for 120 min showed mixture of scrolled lamellar and spherulitic morphology. With the help of computational studies, it is explained that a large amount of energy is required for transforming trans-gauchetrans-gauche into trans-trans-trans-gauche conformation which is provided by ultrasonication. The mechanism of γ phase formation is proposed based on the experimental and theoretical approaches. Our studies show that just by tuning the time of ultrasonication, PVDF films with various morphologies can be processed; either one with predominantly electroactive γ phase with superior electrical properties or one with equal proportion of α and γ phases with superior mechanical properties.

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“…Furthermore, PVDF presents excellent mechanical and chemical properties, weather resistance, and outstanding properties associated to their polar crystalline forms [29]. In this way, for functional composite applications is an interesting material with large potential for force sensor, due to its mechanical and chemical resistance properties [12,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromechanical Properties of PVDF-Based Polymers Reinforced with Nanocarbonaceous Fillers for Pressure Sensing Applications

Teixido¹,

Lanceros‐Méndez²,

Abete³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Polymer-based composites reinforced with nanocarbonaceous materials can be tailored for functional applications. Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNT) or graphene with different filler contents have been developed as potential piezoresistive materials. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites depend of the PVDF matrix, filler type and filler content. PVDF 6010 is a relatively more ductile material, whereas PVDF-HFP shows larger maximum strain near 300% strain for composites with CNT, 10 times higher than the pristine polymer. This behaviour is similar for all composites reinforced with CNT. On the other hand, rGO/PVDF composites decrease the maximum strain compared to neat PVDF. It is shown that the use of different PVDF copolymers does not influence the electrical properties of the composites. On the other hand, CNT as filler leads to composites with percolation threshold around 0.5 wt.%, whereas reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposites shows percolation threshold at ≈2 wt.%. Both nanocomposites present excellent linearity between applied pressure and resistance variation, with pressure sensibility (PS) decreasing with applied pressure, from PS≈ 1.1 to 0.2 MPa-1. A proof of concept demonstration is presented, showing the suitability of the materials for industrial pressure sensing applications.

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Nucleation effect of unmodified graphene nanoplatelets on PVDF/GNP film composites

Cited by 49 publications

References 52 publications

Piezoelectric Effect and Electroactive Phase Nucleation in Self-Standing Films of Unpoled PVDF Nanocomposite Films

Piezoelectric Effect and Electroactive Phase Nucleation in Self-Standing Films of Unpoled PVDF Nanocomposite Films

Energy‐induced polymorphic changes in poly(vinylidene fluoride): How ultrasonication results in polymer with predominantly γ phase

Electromechanical Properties of PVDF-Based Polymers Reinforced with Nanocarbonaceous Fillers for Pressure Sensing Applications

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