Nucleation density and electrolytic growth of lead hydrogen phosphate single crystals in silica gels

Desai, C. C.; Ramana, M. S. V.

doi:10.1016/0022-0248(90)90902-w

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, it seems that the change in the supersaturation caused by an increase in the gel density is relatively small, and this results in a linear dependence rather than an exponential one. A noticeable, almost linear, decrease in the nucleation count with increasing gel pH, as seen in Figure , may equally be explained in an analogous manner, and may be attributed to improper formation of cells at higher pH values of gels …”

Section: Nucleation Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…A noticeable, almost linear, decrease in the nucleation count with increasing gel pH, as seen in Figure 5, may equally be explained in an analogous manner, and may be attributed to improper formation of cells at higher pH values of gels. 22 It is interesting to note that both gel pH and the neutral gel thickness show quite similar influences on the crystal count (Figures 5 and 7). The similarity suggests that the effect of an increase in the neutral gel thickness is essentially to suppress the diffusion of ions along the gel column.…”

Section: Nucleation Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Gel Growth and Preliminary Characterization of Strontium Tartrate Trihydrate

Arora

Patel

Kothari

et al. 2004

Crystal Growth & Design

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Results of a study on nucleation kinetics, growth, and characterization of strontium tartrate trihydrate single crystals in silica hydrogel are described. The basic structure, composition, and perfection of the grown crystals were determined by XRD, EDAX, and laser scattering tomography. It was found that experimental conditions, such as pH and density of gel, concentration and volume of supernatant liquid, aging and quality of gel, have a strong influence on the nucleation kinetics and growth of the crystals. The effect of experimental conditions on growth kinetics has been qualitatively explained from the standpoint of the classical nucleation theory.

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Section: Nucleation Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Nucleation Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Gel Growth and Preliminary Characterization of Strontium Tartrate Trihydrate

Arora

Patel

Kothari

et al. 2004

Crystal Growth & Design

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“…The optimum value of gel density for growing well-defined crystals was found to be 1.04-1.06 g/cc. A greater gel density implies smaller pore size and poor communication among the pores, thus decreasing the nucleation density [12].…”

Section: Growth Of Single Crystals Of Bghcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and characterization of gel grown single crystals of bis-glycine hydrogen chloride (BGHC)

Ambujam¹,

Rajarajan²,

Selvakumar³

et al. 2007

Optical Materials

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“…Trilead bis(phosphate) (Pb3(PO4)2) is known as a ferroelastic material with a phase transition near 180 °C [4][5]. While several researchers [6][7][8][9] have reported the growth of PbHPO4 and Pb2(NO3)(PO4) in silica hydrogel, tetramethoxysilane gel, cross-linked polyacylamide gel, agar gel, and gelatin, the appearance of small crystals of lead hydroxyapatite, Pb5(PO4)3(OH), (PbHAp), in the gel layers or on the surfaces of other lead phosphate products has not been reported. PbHAp is a material of biological interest because of the similarity to calcium hydroxyapatite, Ca5(PO4)3(OH), (CaHAp), the dominant component in mammalian hard tissues such as bones and teeth; about 69 wt% and 95 wt%, respectively [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallization of Lead Phosphate in Gel Systems

Saisa-ard

Haller

2012

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Lead phosphate crystals were grown in agarose gel at room temperature. Nucleation and crystal growth rates were controlled by changing the density of the gel medium including pure and phosphate gel. Individual crystallites from the pure gel layer show equant habit while those from the PO4 3− gel layer show plate-like habit. Vibrational spectra indicate that the PO4 3-ion is distorted and its symmetry is lower than free ion symmetry. Powder diffraction patterns of the pure gel products show mixed phases of PbHPO4, Pb3(PO4)2, and Pb5(PO4)3OH (PbHAp) consistent with saturation index predictions obtained from the PHREEQC program. Formation of the microscopic crystalline products was accompanied by a decrease in pH from 8 (theoretical for all layers mixed) to 3 for all reactions studied, consistent with PbHPO4 being the major product. PbHAp does not appear in the phosphate gel layer because of the higher Pb:P ratio required for the PbHAp phase relative to the Pb3(PO4)2 phase. PbHAp crystals from the gel crystallization method are first reported in this work as microcrystalline product deposited on the surface of the dominant phase formed in the pure gel layer.

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Nucleation density and electrolytic growth of lead hydrogen phosphate single crystals in silica gels

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Gel Growth and Preliminary Characterization of Strontium Tartrate Trihydrate

Gel Growth and Preliminary Characterization of Strontium Tartrate Trihydrate

Growth and characterization of gel grown single crystals of bis-glycine hydrogen chloride (BGHC)

Crystallization of Lead Phosphate in Gel Systems

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