Nucleation and Cluster Formation

Nanoscale thermoplasmonic welding

“…The material solidification includes nucleation, growth, and recrystallization. The thermodynamic physics of crystal nuclei is the reduction of free energy caused by undercooling, and the kinetic physics is the degree of reduction of free energy ( Bauerle, 2011 ). After nucleation, the lattice gradually grows, whereas the temperature remains unchanged, the microstructure begins to coarsen and starts to produce new internal stress ( Chen et al., 2011 ).…”