Nuclear resonant scattering of synchrotron radiation: Applications in magnetism of layered structures

Schlage, Kai; Röhlsberger, Ralf

doi:10.1016/j.elspec.2013.02.005

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The critical angle was determined precisely by measuring the nuclear resonance reflectivity (not shown). The details of the beamline can be in found in [65,70] and about the NRS of SR in [63,[71][72][73][74].…”

Section: In-situ System At Nrs Beamlinementioning

confidence: 99%

In-situ growth of iron mononitride thin films studied using x-ray absorption spectroscopy and nuclear resonant scattering

et al. 2019

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We studied the structural and magnetic properties of in-situ grown iron mononitride (FeN) thin films. Initial stages of film growth were trapped utilizing synchrotron based soft x-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) at the N K-edge and nuclear resonant scattering (NRS). Films were grown using dcmagnetron sputtering, separately at the experimental stations of SXAS beamline (BL01, Indus 2) and NRS beamline (P01, Petra III). It was found that the initial stages of film growth differs from the bulk of it. Ultrathin FeN films, exhibited larger energy separation between the t 2g and e g features and an intense e g feature in the N K-edge pattern. This indicates that a structural transition is taking place from the rock-salt (RS)-type FeN to zinc-blende (ZB)-type FeN when the thickness of films increases beyond 5 nm. The behavior of such N K-edge features correlates very well with the emergence of a magnetic component appearing in the NRS pattern at 100 K in ultrathin FeN films. Combining the in-situ XANES and NRS measurements, it appears that initial FeN layers grow in a RS-type structure having a magnetic ground state. Subsequently, the structure changes to ZB-type which is known to be non-magnetic. Observed results help in resolving the long standing debate about the structure and the magnetic ground state of FeN.

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Section: In-situ System At Nrs Beamlinementioning

confidence: 99%

In-situ growth of iron mononitride thin films studied using x-ray absorption spectroscopy and nuclear resonant scattering

et al. 2019

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“…[24][25][26] The technique is highly suited to accurately A) The sequence of azimuthal deposition angles for subsequent Fe layers ( α = +40°, 0°, 0°, 0°) results in two magnetic sublattices enclosing an angle of Δ α = 40°. An external magnetic fi eld B ind = 100 mT is used to induce a canted antiparallel confi guration of the sublattices in which the vertical magnetic correlation length (Λ mag ) is four times the structural one Λ struc .…”

Section: Magnetic Anisotropy Control In Single Films Via Oblique Incimentioning

confidence: 99%

Spin‐Structured Multilayers: A New Class of Materials for Precision Spintronics

Schlage

Bocklage

Erb

et al. 2016

Adv Funct Materials

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7423wileyonlinelibrary.com extensively explored to maximize the magnitude of the magnetoresistive signal, which is defi ned as the normalized difference of the electrical resistance in the antiparallel and parallel magnetic confi guration of the trilayer. The basic GMR and TMR characteristics of spintronic devices and thus their functionalities, however, did not signifi cantly change during the last decade. This is due to conventional magnetic multilayer design and its limitations based on the interplay of accessible magnetic anisotropy contributions. Here, we show that oblique incidence deposition (OID) can be used in an elegant way to achieve full control on the magnetic anisotropy in every individual layer of such magnetoresistive multilayer stacks for the fi rst time. The additional shape anisotropy component introduced via OID allows for arbitrarily crossed magnetic easy axes with adjustable switching fi elds and opens a path for customized spintronic devices with conceptually new functionalities.So far, two major approaches have been pursued to engineer fi eld-dependent relative magnetic confi gurations of two ferromagnetic layers. In the fi rst case, one of the ferromagnetic layers either exhibits an enhanced coercive fi eld or is magnetically pinned (exchange biased) by an additional antiferromagnetic layer of high magnetic anisotropy. Thus, only the magnetically uncoupled free layer follows small external fi elds, causing a change of the magnetic confi guration and the magnetoresistance. [ 13 ] In the second approach, an interlayer exchange coupling, the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yoshida (RKKY) interaction, is used to align both layers relative to each other. [ 14 ] The interlayer coupling defi nes the magnetic saturation behavior and hence the functionality of the trilayer. In conventional systems, only parallel or antiparallel orientations of the ferromagnetic layers are reliably achieved. Effi cient RKKY coupling is observed for particular material combinations only and depends very sensitively on the interlayer thickness. [ 15,16 ] Therefore, conventional magnetic multilayer design is restricted to a limited number of magnetic confi gurations in the trilayers which constrains the design and control of magnetic spin structures that are available for realizing particular magnetoelectronic responses.Our approach enables one to realize and tune magnetic and magnetoresistive properties in spintronic multilayer systems that exceed the potential of conventional approaches by far. The technique is not based on exchange-bias or interlayer coupling and is not affected by their limitations. Every ferromagnetic layer of arbitrary chemical composition, as a constituent either Spin-Structured Multilayers: A New Class of Materials for Precision SpintronicsKai Schlage , * Lars Bocklage , Denise Erb , Jade Comfort , Hans-Christian Wille , and Ralf Röhlsberger * Magnetoelectronic multilayer devices are widely used in today's information and sensor technology. Their functionality, however, is limited by the inherent prop...

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“…Liu et al have studied the Co/ Alq 3 /Fe spin valve using PNR, where the Co/Alq 3 interface could not be studied due to the limited sensitivity of the PNR to the few tens of angstrom thick Co layer. 17 On the other hand, the synchrotron radiation based grazing incident nuclear resonant scattering (GI-NRS) 18 technique detects scattered resonant counts from the thin sample. Besides its own limitation of isotope selectivity to the limited materials ( 57 Fe, 119 Sn, 121 Sb, 125 Te,193 Ir, etc.)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface resolved magnetism at metal–organic (Fe/Alq3) interfaces under x-ray standing wave condition

Khanderao

Sergueev

Wille

et al. 2020

Applied Physics Letters

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The isotope selective grazing-incidence nuclear resonance scattering (GI-NRS) technique, which is a time analog to M€ ossbauer spectroscopy, is made depth resolved to probe the magnetism of the diffused Fe (Fe diffused ) and bulk Fe (Fe bulk ) parts of the layer in an Fe/Alq 3 [ferromagnetic (FM)/organic semiconductor (OSC)] bilayer structure. On the basis of theoretical simulations, it is demonstrated that the antinode regions of x-ray standing waves (XSWs) generated through wave guide structures allow one to measure the Fe diffused and Fe bulk parts independently, providing evidence for a diffused layer with reduced electron density and hyperfine fields. Due to possible small isolated clusters of Fe in the diffused layer, Fe moments are found with random orientations, while in Fe bulk moments, they are aligned in the film plane due to shape anisotropy. GI-NRS under XSW is suitable for FM/OSC structures to obtain interface resolved magnetic information, which is otherwise difficult with any other available lab based conventional methods.

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Nuclear resonant scattering of synchrotron radiation: Applications in magnetism of layered structures

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

In-situ growth of iron mononitride thin films studied using x-ray absorption spectroscopy and nuclear resonant scattering

In-situ growth of iron mononitride thin films studied using x-ray absorption spectroscopy and nuclear resonant scattering

Spin‐Structured Multilayers: A New Class of Materials for Precision Spintronics

Interface resolved magnetism at metal–organic (Fe/Alq3) interfaces under x-ray standing wave condition

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