"Nuclear Reprogramming" and "Epigenetic Reprogramming"

Tada, Takashi; Kimura, Hironobu; Tada, Masako

doi:10.1274/jmor.21.97

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 71 publications

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“…In vivo plasticity of bone marrow-derived cells, the contribution of spontaneous cell fusion has been shown by the differentiation into Purkinje neurons, cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes [16] . Thus, the nuclear reprogramming of adult stem cells by cell fusion plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of somatic tissues through regeneration after tissue damage.…”

Section: Nuclear Reprogramming Activity Of Es Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toti-/Pluripotential Stem Cells and Epigenetic Modifications

Tada¹

2006

Neurodegener Dis

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Nuclear reprogramming induces global changes of epigenetic profile and confers pluripotency on specialized somatic nuclei. Embryonic stem (ES) cells retain nuclear reprogramming activity as shown by cell fusion with adult somatic cells. The reprogrammed somatic nuclei resemble ES cell nuclei in pluripotential competence. Changes of histone tail modifications in somatic cell-derived genome by cell fusion demonstrate that the molecular process of nuclear reprogramming is separable at least in two steps: erasure of somatic epigenetic modification (genome-wide reprogramming) and establishment of pluripotential epigenetic modification (gene-specific reprogramming). In the latter step, the newly identified transcriptional factor Nanog functions in maintaining pluripotency in cooperation with other key gene Oct4. Somatic-derived Nanog is reactivated in the reprogrammed nuclei in hybrid cells and also in cloned blastocysts. It is unclear which key molecules are responsible for the nuclear reprogramming. It is, however, evident that adult somatic cell nuclei are capable of being reprogrammed in vitro by cell fusion with ES cells. A technological innovation for eliminating ES-derived chromosomes from the hybrid nuclei could make the production of personalized pluripotential stem cells without the need for therapeutic cloning possible.

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Section: Nuclear Reprogramming Activity Of Es Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%