Nuclear reassortment between vegetative mycelia in natural populations of the basidiomycete Heterobasidion annosum

Johannesson, Hanna; Stenlid, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2004.01.002

Cited by 77 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Total DNA was isolated from a hyphal mass using a modification of the method described by Vainio et al (1998). Four microsatellite markers were used for the analysis: Ha-ms1, Ha-ms2, Hams6 and Ha-ms10 (Johannesson and Stenlid, 2004). Detailed procedures for homokaryozation, DNA extraction and microsatellite analysis are provided in the supplementary information.…”

Section: Dna Extraction and Microsatellite Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mycelium spreads vegetatively via root contacts, and single genotypes (clones) may infect dozens of Norway spruce trees and survive for decades. In the case of recent spore-mediated infections, a single conifer stump may harbor several distinct Heterobasidion genotypes (Johannesson and Stenlid, 2004). On average, every seventh spruce tree is infected by H. parviporum in Southern Finland (Kaarna-Vuorinen, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viruses accumulate in aging infection centers of a fungal forest pathogen

Vainio¹,

Müller²,

Korhonen³

et al. 2014

The ISME Journal

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Fungal viruses (mycoviruses) with RNA genomes are believed to lack extracellular infective particles. These viruses are transmitted laterally among fungal strains through mycelial anastomoses or vertically via their infected spores, but little is known regarding their prevalence and patterns of dispersal under natural conditions. Here, we examined, in detail, the spatial and temporal changes in a mycovirus community and its host fungus Heterobasidion parviporum, the most devastating fungal pathogen of conifers in the Boreal forest region. During the 7-year sampling period, viruses accumulated in clonal host individuals as a result of indigenous viruses spreading within and between clones as well as novel strains arriving via airborne spores. Viral community changes produced pockets of heterogeneity within large H. parviporum clones. The appearance of novel viral infections in aging clones indicated that transient cell-to-cell contacts between Heterobasidion strains are likely to occur more frequently than what was inferred from genotypic analyses. Intraspecific variation was low among the three partitivirus species at the study site, whereas the unassigned viral species HetRV6 was highly polymorphic. The accumulation of point mutations during persistent infections resulted in viral diversification, that is, the presence of nearly identical viral sequence variants within single clones. Our results also suggest that co-infections by distantly related viral species are more stable than those between conspecific strains, and mutual exclusion may play a role in determining mycoviral communities.

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Section: Dna Extraction and Microsatellite Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viruses accumulate in aging infection centers of a fungal forest pathogen

Vainio¹,

Müller²,

Korhonen³

et al. 2014

The ISME Journal

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show abstract

“…Various ''parasexual'' processes are common in filamentous fungi, involving fusion and recombination between somatic cells (32)(33)(34). However, to date, outside of laboratory settings, parasexuality has not been described from natural populations of basidiomycete fungi (34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41). Vegetative incompatibility probably limits opportunities for hyphal fusion and thus reduces the natural frequency of parasexual mechanisms that depend on anastomosis (39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptic sex and many-to-one coevolution in the fungus-growing ant symbiosis

Mikheyev

Mueller

Abbot

2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

123

147

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The fungus-growing ants have long provided a spectacular example of coevolutionary integration. Their ecological success is thought to depend largely on the evolutionary alignment of reproductive interests between ants and fungi after vertical transmission and the ancient suppression of fungal sexuality. In the present study we test these assumptions and provide the first evidence of recombination in attine cultivars, contradicting widely held perceptions of obligate clonality. In addition, we document long-distance horizontal transmission of symbionts between leafcutter ant species on mainland Central America and South America and those endemic to Cuba, suggesting both lack of pairwise coevolutionary specificity in ant͞cultivar interactions and dispersal of symbionts independent of their ant hosts. The coevolution between leaf-cutters and their fungal symbionts is thus not reciprocally pairwise. Rather, a single widespread and sexual fungal symbiont species is engaged in multiple interactions with divergent ant lineages. Strict fungal clonality and vertical transmission evidently have not played a critical role in the long-term evolutionary or ecological success of this well known mutualism.asexuality ͉ Atta ͉ Caribbean

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“…In Europe an example is the Xagship beetle species of tree hollows Osmoderma eremita (Ranius 2002). Niche opportunities for wood-decaying fungi are also shaped by interspeciWc interactions between diVerent species (Coates and Rayner 1985a, b, c;Boddy 2000) as well as by intraspeciWc interactions (including nuclear reassortment between conspeciWc heterokaryons, see Johanneson and Stenlid 2004). Another layer of niche-deWnition comes from growing evidence that fungal species are often complexes of previously undiVerentiated taxonomic units which specialize in diVerent ecological conditions [e.g.…”

Section: For a Functional Ecology Of Decaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood-decaying fungi in the forest: conservation needs and management options

2007

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Wood-decaying fungi are essential for the functioning of forest ecosystems. They provide habitat for many other organisms and enable the regeneration of forests throughout the world. Since wood decomposition is a decisive process in nutrient recycling, soil formation and the carbon budget of forest ecosystems, it is receiving increasing attention from forest ecologists, pathologists and managers. Research has focussed on the factors driving the speciesrichness of wood-decomposing organisms and is moving on to analyse the eVects of this species-richness on ecosystem functioning. Coarse woody debris (CWD) and its associated wood-decaying organisms have been drastically reduced in abundance and diversity by forestry and so these features often have potential as conservation indicators. Protective measures at a landscape level are needed for threatened wood-inhabiting fungi. These include restricting salvage operations in windthrow stands, actively encouraging the accumulation of deadwood in forests, and facilitating decay in standing trees by inoculating them with fungi. Here, we aim to collect and summarize recently produced work on deadwood ecology, pointing out research gaps and perspectives.

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Nuclear reassortment between vegetative mycelia in natural populations of the basidiomycete Heterobasidion annosum

Cited by 77 publications

References 26 publications

Viruses accumulate in aging infection centers of a fungal forest pathogen

Viruses accumulate in aging infection centers of a fungal forest pathogen

Cryptic sex and many-to-one coevolution in the fungus-growing ant symbiosis

Wood-decaying fungi in the forest: conservation needs and management options

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