Nuclear Quadrupole Moments of Bismuth

Abstract

Multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock models have been employed to compute the electric field gradient in the ground state of the neutral bismuth atom. Combined with the experimental electric quadrupole hyperfine interaction constant, one obtains for (209)Bi the nuclear quadrupole moment Q = -516 (15) mb, which is almost 40% away from the previously accepted standard value [ -370 (26) mb], and narrows by over an order of magnitude the long-standing, extremely broad array of various results ranging from -370 to -710 mb. The recent Q values of (202-208,210(m)-213)Bi by Pearson et al. suffer a consequent change.

Interference Effects in Hyperfine Induced 2s2p3P0,3P2→ 2s21S0Transitions of Be-like Ions

“…Hyperfine spectroscopy is very important tool in study of atomic and nuclear physics, especially which can be used to check fundamental interaction [1,2,3,4,5] such as electromagnetic and electroweak interaction with high accuracy, determine nuclear properties [6,7,8,9,10], develop atomic clock [11,12,13,14,15], and so on. Recently one kind of hyperfine transitions, which is known as hyperfine induced transition or hyperfine quenching, attracts more attention owing to analyzing spectra [16], determining isotopic ratios in stellar and diagnosing low-density plasma [17,18] besides those reasons mentioned above.…”

Comment on the magnetic dipole hyperfine interaction in the gold atom ground state

“…In our previous papers on hyperfine structure shifts and on nuclear electric quadrupole moments (see e.g. [11][12][13][14]) this 'single and restricted double substitutions' approach was often used, and at later stages the calculations were augmented by unrestricted double substitutions. The latter were usually applied in a configuration-interaction mode, i.e.…”

Nuclear electric quadrupole moment of gold

“…4 Due to the open shell nature of the problem, atomic calculations of the EFG of heavy nuclei are usually based on multiconfigurational Dirac-Hartree-Fock methods, possibly including Breit and QED corrections. 5,6 Bierón and Pyykkö presented the first successful application of this approach for the calculations of the NQM of bismuth 7 and, more recently, of 201 Hg. 8 One of the basic problems in such calculations is to assess the convergence of the EFG result with respect to the size of the configuration space, but computational cost almost always impedes or severely limits such assessment.…”