Nuclear penetration of surface functionalized gold nanoparticles

Gu, Yan; Cheng, Jin; Lin, Chun Chi; Lam, Y. W.; Cheng, Shuk Han; Wong, Wing Tak

doi:10.1016/j.taap.2009.03.009

Cited by 186 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

106

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For nuclear deposition of metal nanoparticles in particular, the particle size is thought to be correlated with their ability to diffuse into the nucleus 36) . We speculate that Ag-NPs with a diameter of 21.9 nm cannot enter the nucleus owing to a 9 nm pore size exclusion limit for passive diffusion across the nuclear membrane 36,37) . Although no apparent Ag-NP penetration was observed in the nuclear region in the cells tested, it is possible that similar morphological nuclear changes may occur under different test conditions using the same Ag-NPs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Micromorphological cellular responses of MC3T3-E1 and RAW264.7 after exposure to water-dispersible silver nanoparticles stabilized by metal-carbon σ-bonds

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With the continuous progress in nanomaterial development for biomedicine, the potential cytotoxicity of nanoparticles is drawing more attention and concern for clinical applications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate biological responses of new waterdispersible silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) stabilized by Ag-C σ-bonds in cultured murine macrophages (RAW264.7) and osteoblastlike cells (MC3T3-E1) using cell viability and morphological analyses. For RAW264.7, Ag-NPs seemed to induce cytotoxicity that was dependent on the Ag-NP concentration. However, no cytotoxic effects were observed in the MC3T3-E1 cell line. In microscopic analysis, Ag-NPs were taken up by MC3T3-E1 cells with only minor cell morphological changes, in contrast to RAW264.7 cells, in which particles aggregated in the cytoplasm and vesicles. The ability of endocytosis of macrophages may induce harmful effects due to expansion of cell vesicles compared to osteoblast-like cells with their lower uptake of Ag-NPs.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Micromorphological cellular responses of MC3T3-E1 and RAW264.7 after exposure to water-dispersible silver nanoparticles stabilized by metal-carbon σ-bonds

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The ability of NP to induce DNA damage through ROS is however not the only route to genotoxicity as it is known that NP can also alter gene expression via interactions with signal transduction pathways or with the transcriptional and translational machinery through perinuclear localisation of the NP 56,57 . Finally, very small NP with a diameter below 5 nm may directly interact with DNA resulting in DNA damage 58 . ROS can furthermore cause actin stress fibre formation and therefore alter the cell's morphology, motility and adhesion 59,60 .…”

Section: Common Mechanisms Causing Nanotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing nanoparticle toxicity in cell-based assays: influence of cell culture parameters and optimized models for bridging the in vitro–in vivo gap

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…A gold atom has a radius of 0.14 nm. The length (L) and volume (F) of a gold unit cell can thus be calculated as: Gu et al 28 calculated the number of gold atoms per nanoparticle using the following formula:…”

Section: Calculating the Number Of Gold Nanoparticles/cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell type-dependent uptake, localization, and cytotoxicity of 1.9 nm gold nanoparticles

Coulter¹,

Jain²,

Butterworth³

et al. 2012

IJN

154

134

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: This follow-up study aims to determine the physical parameters which govern the differential radiosensitization capacity of two tumor cell lines and one immortalized normal cell line to 1.9 nm gold nanoparticles. In addition to comparing the uptake potential, localization, and cytotoxicity of 1.9 nm gold nanoparticles, the current study also draws on comparisons between nanoparticle size and total nanoparticle uptake based on previously published data. Methods: We quantified gold nanoparticle uptake using atomic emission spectroscopy and imaged intracellular localization by transmission electron microscopy. Cell growth delay and clonogenic assays were used to determine cytotoxicity and radiosensitization potential, respectively. Mechanistic data were obtained by Western blot, flow cytometry, and assays for reactive oxygen species. Results: Gold nanoparticle uptake was preferentially observed in tumor cells, resulting in an increased expression of cleaved caspase proteins and an accumulation of cells in sub G 1 phase. Despite this, gold nanoparticle cytotoxicity remained low, with immortalized normal cells exhibiting an LD 50 concentration approximately 14 times higher than tumor cells. The surviving fraction for gold nanoparticle-treated cells at 3 Gy compared with that of untreated control cells indicated a strong dependence on cell type in respect to radiosensitization potential. Conclusion: Gold nanoparticles were most avidly endocytosed and localized within cytoplasmic vesicles during the first 6 hours of exposure. The lack of significant cytotoxicity in the absence of radiation, and the generation of gold nanoparticle-induced reactive oxygen species provide a potential mechanism for previously reported radiosensitization at megavoltage energies.

show abstract

Nuclear penetration of surface functionalized gold nanoparticles

Cited by 186 publications

References 45 publications

Micromorphological cellular responses of MC3T3-E1 and RAW264.7 after exposure to water-dispersible silver nanoparticles stabilized by metal-carbon σ-bonds

Micromorphological cellular responses of MC3T3-E1 and RAW264.7 after exposure to water-dispersible silver nanoparticles stabilized by metal-carbon σ-bonds

Assessing nanoparticle toxicity in cell-based assays: influence of cell culture parameters and optimized models for bridging the in vitro–in vivo gap

Cell type-dependent uptake, localization, and cytotoxicity of 1.9 nm gold nanoparticles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About