Nuclear parcellation of certain immunohistochemically identifiable neuronal systems in the midbrain and pons of the Highveld molerat (Cryptomys hottentotus)

Silva, Jessica N. Da; Fuxé, Kjell; Manger, Paul R.

doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2005.08.008

Cited by 34 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…In addition, both mole rats expressed a high to mediumdensity Orx+ terminal network within the periaqueductal grey matter and the ventral tegmental area (VTA), similar to that previously reported for other rodents and other mammals. Interestingly though, while a low to absent density of Orx+ terminal networks has been reported for the superior colliculus in other rodent species, a medium-density Orx+ terminal network was observed in this study despite the reduced size of the superior colliculus previously noted for mole rats (Nemec et al, 2004;Da Silva, 2006). Variations in terminal densities within the inferior colliculus (IC) and interperduncular (IP) nulei, amongst rodent species, were similarly noted in both species of mole rat.…”

Section: Distribution Of Orexinergic Terminal Networkcontrasting

confidence: 54%

Distribution of orexinergic neurons and their terminal networks in the brains of two species of African mole rats

Bhagwandin

Fuxé

Bennett

et al. 2011

Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy

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The distribution of orexinergic cell bodies and terminal networks within the brains of two species of African mole rat (Cape-dune mole rat -Bathyergus suillus and highveld mole rat -Cryptomys hottentotus) were identified using immunohistochemistry for Orexin-A.The aim of the study was to investigate possible differences in the nuclear complement and terminal distribution of this system by comparing those of the mole rats to published studies of other rodents and mammals. The wild-caught mole rats used in this study live a subterranean lifestyle and are well known for their regressed visual system, which may lead to the prediction of differences in the distribution of the cell bodies and the terminal networks; however, we found that both species of mole rat displayed orexinergic nuclei limited to the hypothalamus in regions similar to those previously reported for other rodent and mammalian species. No immunoreactive neurons could be identified, in either species of mole rat within the anterior hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, as has been reported for Murid rodents. The terminal networks, while remaining similar between the species, are more strongly expressed in the Cape-dune mole rat than in the highveld mole rat.

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Section: Distribution Of Orexinergic Terminal Networkcontrasting

confidence: 54%

Distribution of orexinergic neurons and their terminal networks in the brains of two species of African mole rats

Bhagwandin

Fuxé

Bennett

et al. 2011

Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy

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“…In four out of the six microchiropterans Kruger et al, 2010a), the parabigeminal nucleus is also absent and the Edinger-Westphal nucleus was absent in one microchiropteran . In all other mammals, the parabigeminal and Edinger-Westphal nuclei are present (Dell et al, 2010;Calvey et al 2013), even in the microphthalmic mole rats and golden mole (Da Silva et al, 2006;Bhagwandin et al, 2008;Calvey et al, 2013). The laterodorsal tegmental nucleus, while present in all mammals studied to date (Dell et al, 2010), has shown some variance across species (e.g.…”

Section: Cholinergic Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus while the differing characters of the cholinergic system can be used to align the microchiroptera with the shrews, the fact that two of these characters are related to the visual system is of concern for interpretation -it is possible that the reduction of the visual system in both groups explains the absence of the parabigeminal and EdingerWestphal nuclei. This concern can be allayed by the presence of these nuclei in truly micropthalmic animals such as the mole rats and golden mole (Da Silva et al, 2006;Bhagwandin et al, 2008;Calvey et al, 2013) and the unusual structure of the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus that aligns the insectivores and microchiropterans.…”

Section: Cholinergic Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The A9v nucleus in particular has been found to project to the superior colliculi and is thought to play a role in reward-orientated saccadic eye movement (Sato and Hikosaka, 2002). Given the reduced visual system in the Soricidae and microchiropterans it is possible that the reduction in cell numbers in the A9v in these species is related to their reduced visual system, but it must also be noted that in the micropthalmic mole rats and golden mole (Da Silva et al, 2006;Bhagwandin et al, 2008;Calvey et al, 2013) the A9v nucleus shows what appears to be a typical number of A9v neurons. Lastly, the absence of the dorsal division of the anterior hypothalamic group (the A15d nucleus) in most of the Soricidae and microchiropterans may be related to differences in the control of pituitary hormone secretion and hence reproduction, as this nucleus sends direct projections to the pituitary gland in other mammals (Smeets and Gonzalez, 2000); however, as species of both Soricidae and microchiropterans can be either seasonally or aseasonally polyestrus, or seasonally monoestrous, it is difficult to determine how the lack of the A15d nucleus may effect reproductive processes and strategies.…”

Section: Catecholaminergic Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nuclear organisation of some immunohistochemically identifiable neural systems in five species of insectivore —Crocidura cyanea, Crocidura olivieri, Sylvisorex ollula, Paraechinus aethiopicus and Atelerix frontalis

Calvey

Patzke

Bennett

et al. 2016

Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy

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Paul.Manger@wits.ac.za 1 Highlights• Several neural systems in the brains of insectivores are described.• All species show a similar global pattern of organization.• Certain variations indicate a phylogenetic relationships between shrews and microchiropterans.• This study support the diphyletic hypothesis of bat evolution. AbstractThe organization of the cholinergic, catecholaminergic, and serotonergic neurons in the brains of five species of insectivores and the orexinergic (hypocretinergic) system in four insectivore species is presented. We aimed to investigate the nuclear complement of these neural systems in comparison to those of other mammalian species. Brains of insectivores were coronally sectioned and immunohistochemically stained with antibodies against cholineacetyltransferase, tyrosine hydroxylase, serotonin and orexin-A. The majority of nuclei were similar among the species investigated and to mammals in general, but certain differences in the nuclear complement highlighted potential phylogenetic interrelationships.In the cholinergic system, the three shrew species lacked parabigeminal and EdingerWestphal nuclei. In addition, the appearance of the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus in all insectivores revealed a mediodorsal arch. All three of these features are the same as those present in microchiropterans. The catecholaminergic system of the three shrew species lacked the A4 and A15d nuclei, as well as having an incipient A9v nucleus, again features found in microchiropteran brains. The serotonergic and orexinergic systems of the insectivores are similar to those seen across most Eutherian mammals. The analysis of similarities and differences across mammalian species indicates a potential phylogenetic relationship between the Soricidae (shrews) and the microchiropterans.

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“…In contrast, the medial A9 and lateral A10 cell groups had merged and expanded to form a massive ventral wing of DA cells in the posterior substantia nigra, which may reflect the need for a DA modulation of whole body movements versus the specialized limb movements of other mammalian orders. As discussed already by Manger et al (2004, see also Manger, 2005 of DA, 5-HT, and cholinergic cell groups as the laboratory rat, in spite of a significantly regressed visual system, an unusual circadian rhythm, and a subterranean behavioural phenotype (Da Silva et al, 2006). This line of investigation is beginning to allow us to understand how the DA system may be changing in the course of brain evolution and how this specifically relates to the emergence of novel phylogenetic orders of mammals.…”

Section: Historical Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

The nigrostriatal DA pathway and Parkinson’s disease

Fuxé

Manger

Genedani

et al. 2006

Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders

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Summary. The discovery of the nigrostriatal DA system in the rat was made possible by the highly specific and sensitive histochemical fluorescence method of Falck and Hillarp in combinations with electrolytic lesions in the substantia nigra and removal of major parts of the neostriatum. Recent work on DA neuron evolution shows that in the Bottlenose Dolphin the normal DA cell groups of the substantia nigra are very cell sparse, while there is a substantial expansion of the A9 medial and A10 lateral subdivisions forming an impressive ''ventral wing'' in the posterior substantia nigra. The nigrostriatal DA pathway mainly operates via Volume Transmission. Thus, DA diffuses along concentration gradients in the ECF to reach target cells with high affinity DA receptors. A novel feature of the DA receptor subtypes is their physical interaction in the plasma membrane of striatal neurons forming receptor mosaics (RM) with the existence of two types of RM. The ''functional decoding unit'' for DA is not the single receptor, but rather the RM that may affect not only the integration of signals in the DA neurons but also their trophic conditions. In 1991 A2A receptor antagonists were indicated to represent novel antiparkinsonian drugs based on the existence of A2A=D2 receptor-receptor interactions and here P2X receptor antagonists are postulated to be neu-

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Nuclear parcellation of certain immunohistochemically identifiable neuronal systems in the midbrain and pons of the Highveld molerat (Cryptomys hottentotus)

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

Distribution of orexinergic neurons and their terminal networks in the brains of two species of African mole rats

Distribution of orexinergic neurons and their terminal networks in the brains of two species of African mole rats

Nuclear organisation of some immunohistochemically identifiable neural systems in five species of insectivore —Crocidura cyanea, Crocidura olivieri, Sylvisorex ollula, Paraechinus aethiopicus and Atelerix frontalis

The nigrostriatal DA pathway and Parkinson’s disease

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