Nuclear organization of the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area and retrorubral field of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus): A cytoarchitectonic and TH-immunohistochemistry study

Cavalcanti, José Rodolfo Lopes de Paiva; Pontes, André Luiz Bezerra de; Fiuza, Felipe Porto; Silva, Kayo D.A.; Gúzen, Fausto Pierdoná; Lucena, Eudes Euler de Souza; Nascimento, Expedito Silva do; Cavalcante, Judney Cley; Costa, Miriam S.M.O.; Engelberth, Rovena Clara Galvão Januário

doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2016.05.010

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Hardman et al [31] showed that rat's SNCV is relatively smaller than in primates. These results have been recently confirmed in studies on a mouse [23], rock cavy [11] and bat [51]. With regard to these many reports, one of the possible explanations of our results is that the Marsupial's striatonigral dopaminergic system has simpler organisation.…”

Section: Simpler Anatomical Organisation Of the Acrobates Pygmaeus A9supporting

confidence: 85%

Organisation of the dopamine neuronal subsets within midbrain of the feathertail glider (Acrobates pygmaeus, Acrobatidae, Marsupialia)

et al. 2017

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The Marsupial feathertail glider has a unique set of morphological, anatomical and behavioural features that make it a promising model for study of primate evolution. Among them it has many locomotor adaptations to arboreal life, such as diagonal gait of movements, gliding, fast climbing and running along branches. These ecological and behavioural specialisations could result in differences in anatomy of the brain systems involved in their integration. It is well acknowledged that dopaminergic neurons are involved in motor control, motivation and cognition. Due to the fact that there are no data on morphological organisation of dopaminergic system in the midbrain of this species, we decided to investigate it using immunohistochemical and quantitative methods. Our study showed that the general distribution and characteristics of the dopaminergic cells within midbrain nuclei of the pygmy acrobat is similar to that in other species, but it lack the substantia nigra compact part - ventral tier and "tail" of the substantia nigra subnuclei. This study provides the first description of the dopaminergic cells and nuclei in the midbrain of the feathertail glider and we hope it will start interest in the neurobiology of this species.

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Section: Simpler Anatomical Organisation Of the Acrobates Pygmaeus A9supporting

confidence: 85%

Organisation of the dopamine neuronal subsets within midbrain of the feathertail glider (Acrobates pygmaeus, Acrobatidae, Marsupialia)

et al. 2017

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“…Catecholamines are processed by three main nuclei (A8-retrobulbal, A9-substantia nigra pars compacta, A10-ventral tegmental area) arranged in the mesencephalic region where the mesostriatal, mesolimbic and mesocortical pathways are organized [104,105]. Midbrain dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area and noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus are major sources of dopamine and noradrenaline to the prefrontal cortex, where these amines regulate cognition, behavior, and psychomotor function [106,107].…”

Section: Novel Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parkinson’s Disease: From Pathogenesis to Pharmacogenomics

Cacabelos

2017

IJMS

430

300

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most important age-related neurodegenerative disorder in developed societies, after Alzheimer’s disease, with a prevalence ranging from 41 per 100,000 in the fourth decade of life to over 1900 per 100,000 in people over 80 years of age. As a movement disorder, the PD phenotype is characterized by rigidity, resting tremor, and bradykinesia. Parkinson’s disease -related neurodegeneration is likely to occur several decades before the onset of the motor symptoms. Potential risk factors include environmental toxins, drugs, pesticides, brain microtrauma, focal cerebrovascular damage, and genomic defects. Parkinson’s disease neuropathology is characterized by a selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, with widespread involvement of other central nervous system (CNS) structures and peripheral tissues. Pathogenic mechanisms associated with genomic, epigenetic and environmental factors lead to conformational changes and deposits of key proteins due to abnormalities in the ubiquitin–proteasome system together with dysregulation of mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. Conventional pharmacological treatments for PD are dopamine precursors (levodopa, l-DOPA, l-3,4 dihidroxifenilalanina), and other symptomatic treatments including dopamine agonists (amantadine, apomorphine, bromocriptine, cabergoline, lisuride, pergolide, pramipexole, ropinirole, rotigotine), monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors (selegiline, rasagiline), and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors (entacapone, tolcapone). The chronic administration of antiparkinsonian drugs currently induces the “wearing-off phenomenon”, with additional psychomotor and autonomic complications. In order to minimize these clinical complications, novel compounds have been developed. Novel drugs and bioproducts for the treatment of PD should address dopaminergic neuroprotection to reduce premature neurodegeneration in addition to enhancing dopaminergic neurotransmission. Since biochemical changes and therapeutic outcomes are highly dependent upon the genomic profiles of PD patients, personalized treatments should rely on pharmacogenetic procedures to optimize therapeutics.

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“…Catecholamines are processed by three main nuclei (A8-retrobulbal, A9-substantia nigra pars compacta, A10-ventral tegmental area) arranged in the mesencephalic region where the mesostriatal, mesolimbic and mesocortical pathways are organized. 42,43 Midbrain dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area and noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus are major sources of dopamine and noradrenaline to the prefrontal cortex, where these amines regulate cognition, behavior, and psychomotor function. 44,45 Noradrenaline, adrenaline, dopamine and serotonin play a central role in CNS and gut pathophysiology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

E-PodoFavalin-15999 (Atremorine®)-Induced Neurotransmitter and Hormonal Response in Parkinson’s Disease

Cacabelos¹,

Fernández‐Novoa²,

Alejo³

et al. 2016

JERP

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E-PodoFavalin-15999 (Atremorine ®) is a novel bioproduct obtained by means of non-denaturing biotechnological procedures from structural components of the Vicia faba L. plant, for the prevention and treatment of Parkinsonian disorders. Preclinical studies have revealed that Atremorine is a powerful neuroprotectant with specific activity on dopaminergic neurons, reversing neurodegeneration and improving motor function in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD). Clinical studies indicate that Atremorine is a powerful catecholaminergic enhancer with time-and genotype-dependent effects in PD. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Atremorine on the levels of neurotransmitters (dopamine, adrenaline, noradrenaline, serotonin) and hormones (adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), cortisol, estrogens, testosterone) in Parkinsonian patients (n=119) 1 hour after Atremorine administration (5 g/day). These effects were also studied after stratification of PD patients according to their cardiovascular function. Atremorine induced a significant increase in the levels of dopamine (p<0.001), noradrenaline (p=0.004) and adrenaline (p=0.01), and a significant decrease in the levels of PRL (p<0.001), cortisol (p<0.001), and GH (p=0.002), with no apparent changes in the levels of serotonin, ACTH, FSH, LH, testosterone or estrogen. The levels of dopamine were significantly higher in patients with normal EKG than in patients with abnormal electrocardiogram (EKG); however, the levels of adrenaline, noradrenaline and serotonin tended to be lower in patients with normal EKG as compared to patients with abnormal EKG. There were also some differences in hormonal levels in patients with normal EKG, compared to abnormal EKG. These results clearly show that Atremorine is an effective enhancer of catecholaminergic neurotransmission, which contributes to optimization of hormonal regulation in PD.

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Nuclear organization of the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area and retrorubral field of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus): A cytoarchitectonic and TH-immunohistochemistry study

Cited by 17 publications

References 66 publications

Organisation of the dopamine neuronal subsets within midbrain of the feathertail glider (Acrobates pygmaeus, Acrobatidae, Marsupialia)

Organisation of the dopamine neuronal subsets within midbrain of the feathertail glider (Acrobates pygmaeus, Acrobatidae, Marsupialia)

Parkinson’s Disease: From Pathogenesis to Pharmacogenomics

E-PodoFavalin-15999 (Atremorine®)-Induced Neurotransmitter and Hormonal Response in Parkinson’s Disease

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