Nuclear Nonhistone Proteins: Chemistry and Function

Chiu, Jen-Fu; Hnilica, Lubomir S.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-450550-6.50011-7

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…Although some of the authors find identical nonhistone chromosomal proteins in cells of different species (6,15), considerable differences also have been observed by others as well as ourselves (16). In our study onefourth of the nonhistone chromosomal proteins of mouse and human cells was found to be dissimilar in the two-dimensional gel system.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 41%

Expression of human and mouse nonhistone chromosomal proteins in hybrid mouse erythroleukemia cells containing a single human chromosome.

Bode¹,

Deisseroth²,

Hendrick³

1981

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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were distinct in the mouse and human parents and that hybrids which retain primarily mouse chromosomes express the mouse forms of H2B, whereas hybrids which retain primarily human chromosomes contain the human but not the mouse-specific H2B. Lyderson et al. (6) studied the nonhistone chromosomal proteins of a series of human-Chinese hamster hybrids which had retained a majority of Chinese hamster chromosomes (6). Only 10% ofthe human nonhistone chromosomal proteins were unique from those of the Chinese hamster parent in the twodimensional electrophoresis system used, and only one of the seven hybrid cells studied contained an electrophoretic species that comigrated with any of the nonhistone chromosomal proteins of the human parent.Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (7), we have identified 400 and 280 nonhistone chromosomal proteins in the mouse and in the human parental cell lines, respectively. Of the 280 nonhistone chromosomal proteins found in the human cells, 70 were not present in the mouse erythroleukemia cells studied. If the genes for these human nonhistone chromosomal proteins were distributed equally among 46 human chromosomes, one would anticipate that the genes for one to two such human specific nonhistone chromosomal proteins would be associated with each human chromosome. In fact, five of the six hybrid cell lines that contained human chromosome 16 did indeed contain a single Mr 65,000 nonhistone chromosomal protein ofpI 6.2, which was not found in the parent mouse cell but which comigrated with a similar protein found in the human parent cell line used for fusion and in two other human cell lines studied. These studies showed, therefore, that nonhistone chromosomal proteins that are absent in mouse cells and that comigrate with human nonhistone chromosomal proteins can be found in mouse-human hybrid cells containing a majority of mouse chromosomes. MATERIAL AND METHODSCells. Fusion of 1 X 108 2292 cells and 1 x 107 179 MEL cells was performed in the presence of 40% (vol/vol) polyethylene glycol and 10% (vol/vol) dimethyl sulfoxide as described (8). The hybrid cell line 323-4 was isolated in F 12 medium containing 0.002 M alanosine, 10% (vol/vol) fetal calfserum, 1 ,uM ouabain, and adenine as the only purine source (8-11). This selective system is lethal for the human parent and promotes the growth of hybrid cells that have retained human chromosome 16, which contains the human a-globin gene (9) and the adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT; AMP:pyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase, EC 2.4.2.7) gene (APRT) as reported (10).Chromosomal analysis and APRT determinations were done as described (11,12). For the analysis of the chromosomal proteins, a suspension of 150 ml of these cells was incubated at a concentration of2-5 X 105 cells per ml with 25 ,uCi (1 Ci = 3.7 Abbreviation: APRT, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (AMP: pyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase, EC 2.4.2.7).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 41%

Expression of human and mouse nonhistone chromosomal proteins in hybrid mouse erythroleukemia cells containing a single human chromosome.

Bode¹,

Deisseroth²,

Hendrick³

1981

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The changes in the composition of the liver nuclear proteins observed in our experiment may also be elucidated by genetical differences between rabbits with an inborn defect and normal ones. As it is known, the content and the electrophoretic patterns of nonhistone proteins depend not only on the species (C hiu and H nilica 1978) but also on the breed and genetical line of the animals (T allman et al 1979; S arsenov 1981). Similar species and intraspecies differences were also demonstrated in the case of histones, especially H1 histone in insects, fish and birds (B erdnikov 1981; Z alensky et al 1981; M artinez and McD aniel , 1981) and H2A histone in the sperm of sea urchin (D e P etrocellis et al 1980; S trickland et al 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nuclear proteins in the liver of rabbits with an inherited motorial failure

Pałyga

Zelník

Luboń

et al. 1985

J Animal Breeding Genetics

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Summary The composition and electrophoretic patterns of nuclear sap and chromatin proteins from the liver of normal and genetically immobilized rabbits were compared. It was found that RNA content and the amount of some nonhistone proteins changed in defective animals. These variations may result from genetic differences between normal rabbits and rabbits with an inborn motorial insufficiency or may appear in consequence of the effect of limb paresis on the liver metabolism. Zusammenfassung Die Kernproteine in der Leber von Kaninchen mit genetischem Bewegungsdefekt Die Zusammensetzung und das elektrophoretische Muster des Kernsaftes und der Kernproteine aus der Leber normaler und genetisch immobilisierter Kaninchen werden verglichen. Es zeigt sich, daß der RNS‐Gehalt und die Menge einiger Nicht‐Histonproteine in defekten Tieren sich geändert hat. Diese Variabilität kann von genetischen Unterschieden zwischen normalen und Kaninchen mit angeborener Bewegungsinsuffizienz herrühren oder kann eine Folge der Wirkung der Lähmung der Extremitäten auf den Lebermetabolismus darstellen. Résumé Les protéines nucléaires dans le foie de lapins avec défaut moteur génétique Les auteurs ont comparés la composition et le modèle éléctrophorétique du suc nucléaire et des protéines nucléaires du foie de lapins normaux et génétiquement immobilisés. On a observé que la teneur ARN et la quantité de quelques protéines non‐histones changeaient dans les animaux défectifs. Ces variabilités peuvent résulter des différences génétiques entre lapins normaux et lapins avec insuffisance motrice congénitale ou peuvent représenter la suite de l'effet de paralysie des extrémités sur le métabolisme du foie. Resumen Proteínas nucleares en el hígado del conejo con defectos genéticos motores Fueron comparadas la composición y los patrones electroforeticos de proteínas nucleares del fluido y cromatina desde el hígado de conejos normales y conejos geneticamente paralíticos. Fue encontrado que el contenido de RNA y la cantidad de algunas proteínas no‐histonas, cambían en los animales con el defecto. Esta variabilidad puede resultar de las diferencias genéticas en los conejos normales y conejos con insuficiencia motora al nacimiento o puede aparecer como consecuencia del efecto paralítico en las extremidades debido al metabolismo hepático.

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“…It has been suggested that conformational changes in chromosomal organization that facilitate gene transcription may be mediated via redistribution or modification of histones or nonhistone chromosomal proteins (Cohen and Hamilton, 1975;Kleinsmith, 1975;Stein and Kleinsmith, 1975;see Bradbury and Javaherian, 1977;Chiu and Hnilica, 1977;Mathis et at., 1980;Igo-Kemenes et at., 1982;Weisbrod, 1982). Thus, posttranslational modifications of histones, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, and ADP-ribosylation, appear to accompany changes in the nucleosomal organization of chromatin and alterations in its template activity, including those induced by some hormones (Libby, 1973;Allfrey, 1977;Davie and Candido, 1978;Johnson and Allfrey, 1978;Mathis et at., 1978Mathis et at., , 1980Vidali et at., 1978;Samuels et at., 1980).…”

Section: Hormones and The Transcriptional Apparatus In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

The Action of Growth and Developmental Hormones

Tata

1984

Biological Regulation and Development

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Nuclear Nonhistone Proteins: Chemistry and Function

Cited by 21 publications

References 187 publications

Expression of human and mouse nonhistone chromosomal proteins in hybrid mouse erythroleukemia cells containing a single human chromosome.

Expression of human and mouse nonhistone chromosomal proteins in hybrid mouse erythroleukemia cells containing a single human chromosome.

The nuclear proteins in the liver of rabbits with an inherited motorial failure

The Action of Growth and Developmental Hormones

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