Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Medical and Dental Applications: A Comprehensive Review

Zia, Komal; Siddiqui, Talal; Ali, Saqib; Farooq, Imran; Zafar, Muhammad Sohail; Khurshid, Zohaib

doi:10.1055/s-0039-1688654

Cited by 33 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The resonance frequencies of nuclei are influenced by the nature and number of surrounding nuclei; the frequency and the pattern of resonance provide a spectroscopic signature for each metabolite as a function of its chemical structure. Of particular interest in clinical metabolomics are 1 H, 13 C, 19 F, and 31 P [61,62]. The most utilised NMR-active isotope in these studies is the proton ( 1 H), which enables the detection of all proton-containing low-molecular-weight metabolites with a limit of detection of approximately 10 µM.…”

Section: Methodology To Study the Metabolome Of Biological Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics Insights into Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comprehensive Review

2021

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, complex relapsing disorder characterised by immune dysregulation, gut microbiota alteration, and disturbed intestinal permeability. The diagnosis and the management of IBD are challenging due to the recurrent nature and complex evolution of the disease. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism underlying the aetiology and pathogenesis of IBD is still poorly understood. There is an unmet need for novel, reliable, and noninvasive tools for diagnosing and monitoring IBD. In addition, metabolomic profiles may provide a priori determination of optimal therapeutics and reveal novel targets for therapies. This review tries to gather scientific evidence to summarise the emerging contribution of metabolomics to elucidate the mechanisms underlying IBD and changes associated with disease phenotype and therapies, as well as to identify biomarkers with metabolic imbalance in those patients. Metabolite changes during health and disease could provide insights into the disease pathogenesis and the discovery of novel indicators for the diagnosis and prognosis assessment of IBD. Metabolomic studies in IBD have shown changes in tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, amino-acid and fatty-acid metabolism, and oxidative pathways. Metabolomics has made progress towards identifying metabolic alterations that may provide clinically useful biomarkers and a deeper understanding of the disease. However, at present, there is insufficient evidence evaluating the predictive accuracy of these molecular signatures and their diagnostic ability, which is necessary before metabolomic data can be translated into clinical practice.

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Section: Methodology To Study the Metabolome Of Biological Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics Insights into Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comprehensive Review

2021

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“…The growing magnetic field strength splits the nuclei in the samples until the nuclei reach a point of resonance, after which, the nuclei fall back to a lower energy level remitting a radiation signal that the second coil records. The signals recorded by the various nuclei in the sample are then analyzed and processed producing the NMR spectrum (125). Typically, 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopy are used for analysis due to their sensitivity.…”

Section: Lipidomic Techniques and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing Semen Evaluation Using Lipidomics

et al. 2021

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Developing a deeper understanding of biological components of sperm is essential to improving cryopreservation techniques and reproductive technologies. To fully ascertain the functional determinants of fertility, lipidomic methods have come to the forefront. Lipidomics is the study of the lipid profile (lipidome) within a cell, tissue, or organism and provides a quantitative analysis of the lipid content in that sample. Sperm cells are composed of various lipids, each with their unique contribution to the overall function of the cell. Lipidomics has already been used to find new and exciting information regarding the fatty acid content of sperm cells from different species. While the applications of lipidomics are rapidly evolving, gaps in the knowledge base remain unresolved. Current limitations of lipidomics studies include the number of available samples to analyze and the total amount of cells within those samples needed to detect changes in the lipid profiles across different subjects. The information obtained through lipidomics research is essential to systems and cellular biology. This review provides a concise analysis of the most recent developments in lipidomic research. This scientific resource is important because these developments can be used to not only combat the reproductive challenges faced when using cryopreserved semen and artificial reproductive technologies in livestock such as cattle, but also other mammals, such as humans or endangered species.

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“…Currently, paper-based sample collection method is available called Perio paper. After collection, the sample fluid is used in a range of analytical techniques including mass spectrometry [90,91], protein purification [92,93], polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis [90,94,95], matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization [96,97], nuclear magnetic resonance [98,99], and high-performance liquid chromatography [100,101] for proteomic analysis. The combination of proteomic analysis remarkably helped in understanding the pathological basis of various diseases, including periodontitis [89].…”

Section: Proteomics and Peptidomics Approaches To The Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

An Evidence-Based Update on the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Periodontal Diseases

Qasim

Alotaibi

Jasser

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Several investigators have reported about the intricate molecular mechanism underlying periodontal diseases (PD). Nevertheless, the role of specific genes, cells, or cellular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis are still unclear. Although periodontitis is one of the most prevalent oral diseases globally, there are no pre-diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets available for such inflammatory lesions. A pivotal role is played by pro- and anti-inflammatory markers in modulating pathophysiological and physiological processes in repairing damaged tissues. In addition, effects on osteoimmunology is ever evolving due to the ongoing research in understanding the molecular mechanism lying beneath periodontal diseases. The aim of the current review is to deliver an evidence-based update on the molecular mechanism of periodontitis with a particular focus on recent developments. Reports regarding the molecular mechanism of these diseases have revealed unforeseen results indicative of the fact that significant advances have been made to the periodontal medicine over the past decade. There is integrated hypothesis-driven research going on. Although a wide picture of association of periodontal diseases with immune response has been further clarified with present ongoing research, small parts of the puzzle remain a mystery and require further investigations.

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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Medical and Dental Applications: A Comprehensive Review

Cited by 33 publications

References 34 publications

Metabolomics Insights into Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comprehensive Review

Metabolomics Insights into Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comprehensive Review

Advancing Semen Evaluation Using Lipidomics

An Evidence-Based Update on the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Periodontal Diseases

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