Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Lehmann, Teresa

doi:10.3390/magnetochemistry4020020

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Magnetic resonance techniques like nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) [ 30 ], electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) [ 31 ], or ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) [ 32 ] apply a magnetic field to the sample and measure the subsequent response of the atomic or electronic spins according to this field, respectively. While NMR is mainly focused on the determination of molecular structure and dynamics independent of the nature of the sample [ 33 ], EPR requires magnetic domains embedded inside the sample structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Current State of Magnetic Force Microscopy to Unravel the Magnetic Properties of Nanomaterials Applied in Biological Systems and Future Directions for Quantum Technologies

Winkler,

Ciria,

Ahmad

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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Magnetism plays a pivotal role in many biological systems. However, the intensity of the magnetic forces exerted between magnetic bodies is usually low, which demands the development of ultra-sensitivity tools for proper sensing. In this framework, magnetic force microscopy (MFM) offers excellent lateral resolution and the possibility of conducting single-molecule studies like other single-probe microscopy (SPM) techniques. This comprehensive review attempts to describe the paramount importance of magnetic forces for biological applications by highlighting MFM’s main advantages but also intrinsic limitations. While the working principles are described in depth, the article also focuses on novel micro- and nanofabrication procedures for MFM tips, which enhance the magnetic response signal of tested biomaterials compared to commercial nanoprobes. This work also depicts some relevant examples where MFM can quantitatively assess the magnetic performance of nanomaterials involved in biological systems, including magnetotactic bacteria, cryptochrome flavoproteins, and magnetic nanoparticles that can interact with animal tissues. Additionally, the most promising perspectives in this field are highlighted to make the reader aware of upcoming challenges when aiming toward quantum technologies.

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