Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Lipoprotein Abnormalities in Prediabetic Subjects in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study

Festa, Andreas; Williams, Ken; Hanley, Anthony J.; Otvos, James D.; Goff, David C.; Wagenknecht, Lynne E.; Haffner, Steven M.

doi:10.1161/circulationaha.104.512079

Cited by 230 publications

(199 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Thus, we found that insulin sensitivity was reduced concomitant with reduction of large VLDL and small HDL particle concentrations and also with reduction of VLDL size. Discrepancies between effects on insulin sensitivity and effects on small HDL and VLDL size were also reported by Festa et al (2005). Thus, it seems clear that insulin sensitivity does not exert an overriding influence on particle concentration of large VLDL and small HDL, or on VLDL size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Effects of marine n-3 fatty acid supplementation on lipoprotein subclasses measured by nuclear magnetic resonance in subjects with type II diabetes

et al. 2007

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Objective: To measure effects of fish oil supplements on lipoprotein subclasses by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in subjects with type II diabetes and relate them to insulin sensitivity. Design: Two-armed, parallel, placebo-controlled, randomized. Subjects: Normotriglyceridemic subjects with type II diabetes without insulin treatment were given either fish oil (n ¼ 12, median intake 5.9 g/day total n-3 fatty acids (FA) (1.8 g 20:5n-3, 3.0 g 22:6n-3)) or corn oil (n ¼ 14, 8.5 g/day 18:2n-6 FA). Methods: Size and concentration of lipoproteins subclasses were measured by NMR, insulin sensitivity by hyperinsulinemic, isoglycemic clamps. Results: After 9 weeks, there were differences between those treated with fish and corn oil with respect to very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) size (median À15 vs þ 0.6%, P ¼ 0.001), particle concentrations of large VLDL (À99 vs À4.1%, P ¼ 0.041) and small high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (À12 vs þ 10%, P ¼ 0.051). Compared with corn oil fish oil tended to increase HDL size and small low-density lipoprotein ( LDL) concentration (P ¼ 0.063 and 0.068, respectively, for differences between groups). There was no effect on oxidized LDL. Insulin sensitivity (glucose utilization) decreased in the fish oil group compared with the corn oil group (P ¼ 0.049). The decrease in insulin sensitivity did not correlate with the effects on lipoprotein subclasses. Conclusions: A high intake of n-3 FA exerts effects on several lipoprotein subclasses without obvious influence from changes in insulin sensitivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Effects of marine n-3 fatty acid supplementation on lipoprotein subclasses measured by nuclear magnetic resonance in subjects with type II diabetes

et al. 2007

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“…Thus, people with a small mean LDL particle size have relatively more small LDL particles as compared with people with a large mean LDL particle sizes. Small LDL particle sizes are associated with type II diabetes (Festa et al 2005), metabolic syndrome (Gentile et al 2008;Kathiresan et al 2006), insulin resistance (Garvey et al 2003;Goff et al 2005), incident CVD (Mora et al 2009), and future CAD (El Harchaoui et al 2007). Possible atherosclerosis could be induced by those small LDL particles, as indicated in a study of two knockout mice strains with similar cholesterol levels, were the Ldr −/− Apob 100/100 mice had a larger number (Veniant et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid metabolism in long-lived families: the Leiden Longevity Study

Vaarhorst

Beekman

Suchiman

et al. 2010

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Mechanisms underlying the variation in human life expectancy are largely unknown, but lipid metabolism and especially lipoprotein size was suggested to play an important role in longevity. We have performed comprehensive lipid phenotyping in the Leiden Longevity Study (LLS). By applying multiple logistic regression analysis we tested for the first time the effects of parameters in lipid metabolism (i.e., classical serum lipids, lipoprotein particle sizes, and apolipoprotein E levels) on longevity independent of each other. Parameters in lipid metabolism were measured in offspring of nonagenarian siblings from 421 families of the LLS (n = 1,664; mean age, 59 years) and in the partners of the offspring as population controls (n=711; mean age, 60 years). In the initial model, where lipoprotein particles sizes, classical serum lipids and apolipoprotein E were included, offspring had larger low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle sizes (p=0.017), and lower triglyceride levels (p=0.026), indicating that they displayed a more beneficial lipid profile. After backwards regression only LDL size (p=0.014) and triglyceride levels (p=0.05) were associated with offspring from longlived families. Sex-specific backwards regression analysis revealed that LDL particle sizes were associated with male longevity (increase in log odds ratio (OR) per unit=0.21; p=0.023). Triglyceride levels (decrease OR per unit=0.22; p=0.01), but not Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Zone C2-R, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands P. E. Slagboom Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Leiden, The Netherlands LDL particle size, were associated with female longevity. Due to the analysis of a comprehensive lipid profile, we confirmed an important role of lipid metabolism in human longevity, with LDL size and triglyceride levels as major predicting factors.

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“…CONCLUSIONS -This study is the first to demonstrate that PIO and ROSI treatments result in significantly different effects on serum lipoprotein subclass particle concentrations and sizes despite similar effects on glycemic control and insulin resistance. These observations were made utilizing NMR spectroscopy, a novel technique that permits evaluation of these important characteristics of lipoproteins, and as such has advanced our understanding of the changes in serum lipoprotein subclass particle concentration and size under normal conditions (16,20), in specific disease states (7, [21][22][23], and during treatment with specific drug therapies (24 -26). Garvey et al (7) reported that all three major lipoprotein subclasses differed significantly as a function of insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant nondiabetic subjects and type 2 diabetic patients.…”

Section: Hdlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pioglitazone and Rosiglitazone Have Different Effects on Serum Lipoprotein Particle Concentrations and Sizes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Dyslipidemia

et al. 2007

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OBJECTIVE -Associated with insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes are increased serum triglycerides, decreased HDL cholesterol, and a predominance of large VLDL, small LDL, and small HDL particles. The comparative effects of thiazolidinedione insulin sensitizers on serum lipoprotein particle concentrations and sizes in type 2 diabetes are not known. We studied the effects of pioglitazone (PIO) and rosiglitazone (ROSI) treatments on serum lipoprotein particle concentrations and sizes in type 2 diabetic patients with dyslipidemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-This is a prospective, randomized, doubleblind, multicenter, parallel-group study. After a 4-week placebo washout period, patients randomized to PIO (n ϭ 369) were treated with 30 mg q.d. for 12 weeks followed by 45 mg q.d. for another 12 weeks, while patients randomized to ROSI (n ϭ 366) were treated with 4 mg q.d. followed by 4 mg b.i.d. for the same intervals. Lipoprotein subclass particle concentrations and sizes were determined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at baseline and end point (PIO [n ϭ 333] and ROSI [n ϭ 325] patients).RESULTS -PIO treatment increased total VLDL particle concentration less than ROSI treatment and decreased VLDL particle size more than ROSI. PIO treatment reduced total LDL particle concentration, whereas ROSI treatment increased it. Both treatments increased LDL particle size, with PIO treatment having a greater effect. Whereas PIO treatment increased total HDL particle concentration and size, ROSI treatment decreased them; both increased HDL cholesterol levels.CONCLUSIONS -PIO and ROSI treatments have different effects on serum lipoprotein subclass particle concentrations and sizes in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia.

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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Lipoprotein Abnormalities in Prediabetic Subjects in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study

Cited by 230 publications

References 37 publications

Effects of marine n-3 fatty acid supplementation on lipoprotein subclasses measured by nuclear magnetic resonance in subjects with type II diabetes

Effects of marine n-3 fatty acid supplementation on lipoprotein subclasses measured by nuclear magnetic resonance in subjects with type II diabetes

Lipid metabolism in long-lived families: the Leiden Longevity Study

Pioglitazone and Rosiglitazone Have Different Effects on Serum Lipoprotein Particle Concentrations and Sizes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Dyslipidemia

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