Nuclear DNA content in allopolyploid species and synthetic hybrids in the grass genus Paspalum

Vaio, Magdalena; Mazzella, Cristina; Porro, V.; Speranza, Pablo; López-Carro, Beatriz; Estramil, E.; Folle, Gustavo A.

doi:10.1007/s00606-006-0506-x

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Somewhat similar reductions in genome size (ca. 15%) were found for the allopolyploid Tragopogon miscellus (Pires et al 2004) and natural Paspalum allopolyploids (Vaio et al 2007). This is likely the result of genome downsizing, a reduction in genome size that is sometimes found in polyploid plants (reviewed by Leitch and Bennett 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Tumbleweed (Salsola, section Kali) species and speciation in California

Ayres

Ryan²,

Grotkopp

et al. 2008

Biol Invasions

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Tumbleweeds (Salsola species, section Kali) are road side and rangeland pest plants throughout the 48 contiguous states in the US. Three described tumbleweed species and two undescribed Salsola taxa occur in California. The known species are Russian thistle, Salsola tragus, introduced from Eurasia in the 1800s, Russian barbwire thistle, S. paulsenii, which grows in the desert regions of California, and is also native to Eurasia, and the recently identified S. kali subspecies austroafricana, possibly native to South Africa. Our goals were to investigate karyology, genome size, and molecular genetic affinities of the described species and the other taxa within their ranges in California using recently developed microsatellite loci, dominant nuclear DNA markers (RAPD and ISSR), and DNA sequence data. Chromosome counts and genome size assessments made with flow cytometry were compared. These analyses indicated that one undescribed taxon is a new allopolyploid hybrid between S. tragus and S. kali subspecies austroafricana, and the other undescribed taxon appears to be a complex hybrid involving all three described species. The invasion potentials for the hybrid taxa are unknown. Tumbleweeds are the focus of biological controls efforts but the identification of suitable agents for the hybrid taxa may be problematic because of the large amount of genetic variability encompassed within this evolving Salsola complex.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Tumbleweed (Salsola, section Kali) species and speciation in California

Ayres

Ryan²,

Grotkopp

et al. 2008

Biol Invasions

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“…The results described above are in accord with those of Leitch and Bennett [10] who found that genome downsizing characterizes wide groups of allopolyploids. Recent studies, for example, Vaio et al [91] in allotetraploid Paspalum species, Johnston et al [92] in Brassicaceae allopolyploid species, Vogel et al [15] in Triticeae allopolyploid perennial species, and Pires et al [13] in allotetraploid, Tragopogon miscellus, also show that genome downsizing in allopolyploids is a very prevalent phenomenon. Thus, genome downsizing, being a general response to allopolyploid formation, may represent an overall trend in allopolyploid evolution across the angiosperms [10].…”

Section: Genome Downsizing In Allopolyploidsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Genome Size in Diploids, Allopolyploids, and Autopolyploids of Mediterranean Triticeae

et al. 2010

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Nuclear DNA amount, determined by the flow cytometry method, in diploids, natural and synthetic allopolyploids, and natural and synthetic autopolyploids of the tribe Triticeae (Poaceae) is reviewed here and discussed. In contrast to the very small and nonsignificant variation in nuclear DNA amount that was found at the intraspecific level, the variation at the interspecific level is very large. Evidently changes in genome size are either the cause or the result of speciation. Typical autopolyploids had the expected additive DNA amount of their diploid parents, whereas natural and synthetic cytologically diploidized autopolyploids and natural and synthetic allopolyploids had significantly less DNA than the sum of their parents. Thus, genome downsizing, occurring during or immediately after the formation of these polyploids, provides the physical basis for their cytological diploidization, that is, diploid-like meiotic behavior. Possible mechanisms that are involved in genome downsizing and the biological significance of this phenomenon are discussed.

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“…Nuclei of Paspalum dilatatum Poir. cultivar Chirú Q4081 (2C = 3.57 pg; Vaio et al, 2007) and Paspalum intermedium Munro ex Morong accession Sch 28857 (2C = 1.42 pg; Vaio et al, 2007) were used as internal standards (Samoluk et al, 2015a). The suspension was filtered through a 30‐μm nylon mesh and stained with 50 mg mL −1 of propidium iodide and 50 mg mL −1 ribonuclease.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Karyotype Stability and Genome‐Specific Nucleolar Dominance in Peanut, Its Wild 4× Ancestor, and a Synthetic AABB Polyploid

et al. 2018

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Allopolyploidy is a significant evolutionary process involved in the origin of many crops, including peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The process usually results in a series of chromosome, genomic and epigenetic rearrangements in the derived polyploids. Here, we examined the chromosomal consequences undergone by AABB tetraploids of Arachis after the genome merger. For that objective, different chromosome markers and DNA contents were compared among peanut, its wild tetraploid ancestor, and the diploid genome donors A. duranensis Krapov. & W.C. Gregory (AA, female) and A. ipaënsis Krapov. & W.C. Gregory (BB, male). The analysis also included an artificially synthesized allotetraploid using A. ipaënsis as a female [(A. ipaënsis × A. duranensis)4×]. The karyotypes in the natural (originated ~10,000 yr ago) and newly synthesized allopolyploids have largely maintained the patterns of heterochromatin and ribosomal RNA loci detected in the diploid progenitors. Intergenomic translocations were not evident using genome in situ hybridization, and the DNA contents of the allotetraploids corresponded to the expected sum of those observed in their parental species. The analysis of ribosomal DNA loci and their association with nucleolar organizing regions revealed a rapid establishment of nucleolar dominance in favor of the A genome. The large macrostructural stability of karyotype observed here after polyploidization has not been frequently cited for polyploid crop plants. This stability is significant for peanut breeding, since it suggests that effective introgression of wild useful alleles into cultivated peanut may potentially occur in most of the extension of the A and B chromosome complements.

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Nuclear DNA content in allopolyploid species and synthetic hybrids in the grass genus Paspalum

Cited by 34 publications

References 51 publications

Tumbleweed (Salsola, section Kali) species and speciation in California

Tumbleweed (Salsola, section Kali) species and speciation in California

Genome Size in Diploids, Allopolyploids, and Autopolyploids of Mediterranean Triticeae

Karyotype Stability and Genome‐Specific Nucleolar Dominance in Peanut, Its Wild 4× Ancestor, and a Synthetic AABB Polyploid

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