Nuclear and microtubular cycles in heterophasic multinuclearTriticum root-tip cells induced by caffeine

Manandhar, Gaurishankar; Apostolakos, P.; Galatis, B.

doi:10.1007/bf01882024

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Moreover, in bi‐spaced binuclear SMCs of Triticum vulgare and Zea mays produced by caffeine treatment one MT‐PPB is assembled laterally to the inducing GMC (Pickett‐Heaps, 1969b; Apostolakos & Galatis, 1987). Therefore, the number and the position of the MT‐PPBs is not related to the number of the nuclei, but is defined by the morphogenetic stimuli functioning in the dividing stomatal cells, a phenomenon also confirmed in other plant cell types (Manandhar et al ., 1996a,b).…”

Section: Cytoskeleton and Development Of The Stomatal Complexesmentioning

confidence: 63%

The role of the cytoskeleton in the morphogenesis and function of stomatal complexes

2004

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Contents Summary000 Introduction000 Cytoskeleton and development of the stomatal complexes000 Cytoskeleton and stomatal cell shaping000 Stomatal pore formation000 Substomatal cavity formation000 Stomatal complex morphogenesis in mutants000 Cytoskeleton dynamics in functioning stomata000 Mechanisms of microtubule organization in stomatal cells000 Conclusions‐perspectives000 References000 Summary Microtubules (MTs) and actin filaments (AFs) form highly organized arrays in stomatal cells that play key roles in the morphogenesis of stomatal complexes. The cortical MTs controlling the orientation of the depositing cellulose microfibrils (CMs) and affecting the pattern of local wall thickenings define the mechanical properties of the walls of stomatal cells, thus regulating accurately their shape. Besides, they are involved in determination of the cell division plane. Substomatal cavity and stomatal pore formation are also MT‐dependent processes. Among the cortical MT arrays, the radial ones lining the periclinal walls are of particular morphogenetic importance. Putative MT organizing centers (MTOCs) function at their focal regions, at least in guard cells (GCs), or alternatively, these regions either organize or nucleate cortical MTs. AFs are involved in cell polarization preceding asymmetrical divisions, in determination of the cell division plane and final cell plate alignment and probably in transduction of stimuli implicated in stomatal complex morphogenesis. Mature kidney‐shaped GCs display radial AF arrays, undergoing definite organization cycles during stomatal movement. They are involved in stomatal movement, probably by controlling plasmalemma ion‐channel activities. Radial MT arrays also persist in mature GCs, but a role in stomatal function cannot yet be attributed to them.

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Section: Cytoskeleton and Development Of The Stomatal Complexesmentioning

confidence: 63%

The role of the cytoskeleton in the morphogenesis and function of stomatal complexes

2004

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“…It has also been suggested that the cortical ER may also be implicated in the communication of signals between the cell exterior and the cytoplasm (Hepler et al 1990). Therefore, the formation of the ER-PPB could be a response of the cell to the morphogenetic signals that determine the division plane, as has been suggested in the case of the Mt-PPB (Galatis et al 1983;Manandhar et al 1996a, b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Endoplasmic reticulum preprophase band in dividing root-tip cells of Pinus brutia

Zachariadis

Quader

Galatis

et al. 2001

Planta

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In dividing root-tip cells of Pinus brutia Ten., immunolocalization of the luminal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins, which have the C-terminal HDEL sequence, reveals that the ER is reorganized during the preprophase/prophase stage. Portions of ER were arrayed into a ring-like structure at the site of the microtubule preprophase band (Mt-PPB). This preprophase ER band (ER-PPB) resembles that of the Mt-PPB. The former undergoes a maturation process closely similar to that of the latter. Our data show that the PPB region has a more complex organization than is currently believed. The probable function(s) of the ER-PPB is discussed.

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“…This explains the strong inhibition of mitosis in root tips after prolonged Al treatments (Clarkson 1965 ;Horst et al, 1983 ;Roy et al, 1988Roy et al, , 1989Zhang, 1995). Co-existence of a PMB and a prophase spindle around the interphase nuclei has also been observed in heterophasic root-tip cells of T. turgidum formed after caffeine treatment (Manandhar et al, 1996).…”

Section: Major Aluminium Effectsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Aluminium effects on microtubule organization in dividing root‐tip cells of Triticum turgidum. I. Mitotic cells

2000

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The effects of aluminium (Al) on dividing root-tip cells of Triticum turgidum were investigated with tubulin immunolabelling and electron microscopy. Aluminium affects the mechanisms controlling the organization of microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton, as well as tubulin polymerization, and induces the following aberrations in mitotic cells. (1) It delays the MT disassembly during mitosis, resulting in the persistence of preprophase MT bands in the late prophase cells, the presence of prophase spindles in prometaphase cells, and a disturbance in the shortening of kinetochore MT bundles in anaphase cells. (2) It interferes with the self-organization process of MTs into bipolar systems, inhibiting the formation of prophase and metaphase spindles. (3) Aluminium induces the formation of atypical MT arrays, which in the immunofluorescent specimens appear as ring-like tubulin aggregations in the cortical cytoplasm of the preprophase\prophase cells and as endoplasmic tubulin bundles in prophase and metaphase\anaphase cells ; abnormal preprophase MT bands are assembled, consisting of atypical cortical and endoplasmic MT bundles, the latter clearly lining the nuclear envelope on the preprophase MT band plane. (4) It disorders the chromosome movements carried out by the mitotic spindle. In addition, after prolonged Al treatments chromatin condensation is inhibited. The outcome is greatly disturbed organization and function of the mitotic apparatus, as well as inhibition of cells from entering mitosis. This study shows that the MT cytoskeleton is a target site of Al toxicity in mitotic root-tip cells of T. turgidum. The possible mechanisms by which Al exerts its toxicity on MT organization and function are discussed.

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Nuclear and microtubular cycles in heterophasic multinuclearTriticum root-tip cells induced by caffeine

Cited by 7 publications

References 47 publications

The role of the cytoskeleton in the morphogenesis and function of stomatal complexes

The role of the cytoskeleton in the morphogenesis and function of stomatal complexes

Endoplasmic reticulum preprophase band in dividing root-tip cells of Pinus brutia

Aluminium effects on microtubule organization in dividing root‐tip cells of Triticum turgidum. I. Mitotic cells

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