Nubian Complex reduction strategies in Dhofar, southern Oman

Usik, Vitaly I.; Rose, Jeffrey I.; Hilbert, Yamandú H.; Peer, Philip Van; Marks, Anthony E.

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2012.08.2111

Cited by 76 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…A similar expansion model is suggested by another line of evidence, from the Dhofar region (Oman), where a number of stratified and surface sites clearly attest the use of a Nubian (Type 1 and 2) Levallois technology (Rose et al, 2011;Usik et al, 2013). This technology was formerly known in South Egypt, North Sudan, and more sporadically in Ethiopia (Guichard and Guichard, 1965;Van Peer, 1992).…”

Section: Mis 5 Inter-regional Expansionssupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Conversely, the picture emerging from the most recent data from Arabia (Armitage et al, 2011;Petraglia et al, , 2012Rose et al, 2011;Usik et al, 2013) favors the scenario of major expansion waves from Africa, and maybe from elsewhere, during the humid phases of MIS 5. This is in line with a number of paleoenvironmental factors combined with site distribution in East Africa during the early Middle Stone Age, which suggest that Homo sapiens spread in and out of East Africa during MIS 5 (Basell, 2008).…”

Section: Mis 3 Regional Contractionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Finally, SD2 exhibits a discoidal flaking system which is neither time nor space restricted and never prevalent in either the Levantine or East African records. The idiosyncratic meaning of the Wadi Surdud assemblages also holds true at the scale of the southern Arabian Peninsula, where a large majority of the Middle Paleolithic assemblages are based on the Levallois debitage (Inizan and Ortlieb, 1987;Crassard, 2008;Crassard, 2009;Crassard and Thiébaut, 2011;Rose et al, 2011;Usik et al, 2013).…”

Section: A Local Middle Paleolithic Traditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cultural and human dynamics in southern Arabia at the end of the Middle Paleolithic

Delagnes

Crassard

Bertrán

et al. 2013

Quaternary International

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a b s t r a c tThe Arabian Peninsula has long been considered as a region devoid of long-term human settlement until the Holocene period, as a result of drastic climatic changes throughout the Pleistocene. It might be expected that the area was deserted during hyper-arid and arid periods, and populated by new migrant groups during humid events, according to a "push and pull" phenomenon. Although this scenario may be perfectly valid for a large part of the Peninsula, a set of recent data points to the persistence of populations in several regions, which may have served as refugia for human groups who developed their own technological traditions. Such a scenario is suggested by:(1) The succession of dense human occupations under arid conditions between ca. 60 and 50 ka, in the Wadi Surdud basin, a small sedimentary basin in the foothills of the Yemeni Western Highlands. This archaeological site complex encompasses several successive human settlements characterized by a Middle Paleolithic tradition which significantly differs from the Middle Paleolithic and Middle Stone Age contemporaneous traditions from neighboring regions; (2) The regional diversity of the Middle Paleolithic throughout the Saharo-Arabian arid belt during MIS 3, expressed by an array of local techno-typological facies that likely relate to distant and disconnected source regions where populations contracted when climate worsened.Together with a set of high-resolution archaeological contexts recently discovered in the Arabian Peninsula and dated to MIS 5, these data suggest that the major human expansion waves which occurred in the region during the Upper Pleistocene are correlated with the wet phases of MIS 5, while populations probably contracted into a few refugia areas at the beginning of MIS 3.

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Section: Mis 5 Inter-regional Expansionssupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Mis 3 Regional Contractionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: A Local Middle Paleolithic Traditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cultural and human dynamics in southern Arabia at the end of the Middle Paleolithic

Delagnes

Crassard

Bertrán

et al. 2013

Quaternary International

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“…The Nubian technology is a specific variant of the Levallois technology (GoderGoldberger et al 2016, Guichard & Guichard 19651968;Usik et al 2013;Van Peer 1992) found within Middle Paleolithic techno-complexes at surface sites across the western High Desert in Egypt (Chiotti et al 2009;Olszewski et al 2005), the central Negev highlands (Goder-Goldberger et al 2016) and Arabia (Crassard & Hilbert 2013;Hilbert et al 2016;Rose et al 2011;Usik et al 2013). Common to these finds is a technological package composed of the Levallois Nubian technology alongside both Levallois centripetal and bidirectional modes of production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although sparse, all dated assemblages containing Nubian technology are assigned to MIS5 (Mercier et al 1999;Rose et al 2011;Schmidt et al 2015;Van Peer & Vermeersch 2007;Van Peer et al 2010). The distinctive technological characteristics, geographical extent and chronology advocate using the Nubian technology as a possible marker for human dispersals and interactions between Eastern Africa the Nile valley the southern Levant and Arabia (Crassard & Hilbert 2013;Goder-Goldberger et al 2016;Hilbert et al 2017;Rose et al 2011;Usik et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle Palaeolithic find spots with Nubian cores from the Southern Negev and the Arava, Israel

Goldberger

Ginat

Ragolski

et al. 2017

JLS

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Abstract:This is a report of results from a cursory survey of several Middle Paleolithic find spots from the Arava, Israel, conducted as part of a broader collaboration between the Dead Sea and Arava Science Center and the Israel Antiquities Authority. A series of find spots were recorded on the eastern flanks of the Zehiha hills and on the northern terraces of Wadi Paran. These finds consist of mostly Middle Paleolithic artifacts including Levallois centripetal, bidirectional and Nubian cores. The presence of Nubian cores within this technological constellation is of interest in light of recent discussions regarding archaeological markers of modern human dispersals out of Africa and feasible routes into Eurasia and Arabia. The Nubian core technology, a specific variant of the Levallois technology is found within a defined and continuous geographic region and is perceived as penecontemporaneous. Sites with a similar technological package are found to the east at Al-Jawf, within the Arabian Peninsula, as well as to the North-West, within the central Negev highlands, at the localities of Har Oded and H2. The distinctive technological characteristics, geographical extent and chronology advocate its use as a possible marker for human dispersals and interactions between Eastern Africa, the Nile Valley, the southern Levant and Arabia.

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Rethinking the dispersal of Homo sapiens out of Africa

Groucutt

Petraglia

Bailey

et al. 2015

Evolutionary Anthropology

276

107

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Current fossil, genetic, and archeological data indicate that Homo sapiens originated in Africa in the late Middle Pleistocene. By the end of the Late Pleistocene, our species was distributed across every continent except Antarctica, setting the foundations for the subsequent demographic and cultural changes of the Holocene. The intervening processes remain intensely debated and a key theme in hominin evolutionary studies. We review archeological, fossil, environmental, and genetic data to evaluate the current state of knowledge on the dispersal of Homo sapiens out of Africa. The emerging picture of the dispersal process suggests dynamic behavioral variability, complex interactions between populations, and an intricate genetic and cultural legacy. This evolutionary and historical complexity challenges simple narratives and suggests that hybrid models and the testing of explicit hypotheses are required to understand the expansion of Homo sapiens into Eurasia.

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Nubian Complex reduction strategies in Dhofar, southern Oman

Cited by 76 publications

References 40 publications

Cultural and human dynamics in southern Arabia at the end of the Middle Paleolithic

Cultural and human dynamics in southern Arabia at the end of the Middle Paleolithic

Middle Palaeolithic find spots with Nubian cores from the Southern Negev and the Arava, Israel

Rethinking the dispersal of Homo sapiens out of Africa

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