NT-3 Combined with TGF-β Signaling Pathway Enhance the Repair of Spinal Cord Injury by Inhibiting Glial Scar Formation and Promoting Axonal Regeneration

Chen, Taibang; He, Xiaoqing; Wang, Jing; Du, Di; Xu, Yongqing

doi:10.1007/s12033-023-00781-4

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Moreover, TGF‐β secreted by M2 macrophages induced glial cell scarring through activation of astrocytes (Song et al, 2019). Blocking the activation of TGF‐β signal pathway can inhibit glial scar formation and promote axonal regeneration (Chen et al, 2023). Reactive astrogliosis negatively affects recovery from SCI.…”

Section: The Role Of Tgf‐β Signaling Pathway In the Pathogenesis Of Scimentioning

confidence: 99%

TGF‐β signaling pathway in spinal cord injury: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential

Ma,

Wang,

Ran

et al. 2023

J of Neuroscience Research

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a highly disabling central nervous system injury with a complex pathological process, resulting in severe sensory and motor dysfunction. The current treatment modalities only alleviate its symptoms and cannot effectively intervene or treat its pathological process. Many studies have reported that the transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β signaling pathway plays an important role in neuronal differentiation, growth, survival, and axonal regeneration after central nervous system injury. Furthermore, the TGF‐β signaling pathway has a vital regulatory role in SCI pathophysiology and neural regeneration. Following SCI, regulation of the TGF‐β signaling pathway can suppress inflammation, reduce apoptosis, prevent glial scar formation, and promote neural regeneration. Due to its role in SCI, the TGF‐β signaling pathway could be a potential therapeutic target. This article reported the pathophysiology of SCI, the characteristics of the TGF‐β signaling pathway, the role of the TGF‐β signaling pathway in SCI, and the latest evidence for targeting the TGF‐β signaling pathway for treating SCI. In addition, the limitations and difficulties in TGF‐β signaling pathway research in SCI are discussed, and solutions are provided to address these potential challenges. We hope this will provide a reference for the TGF‐β signaling pathway and SCI research, offering a theoretical basis for targeted therapy of SCI.

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Section: The Role Of Tgf‐β Signaling Pathway In the Pathogenesis Of Scimentioning

confidence: 99%

TGF‐β signaling pathway in spinal cord injury: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential

Ma,

Wang,

Ran

et al. 2023

J of Neuroscience Research

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“…(5) biologics, including the growth factors brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), that positively alter axon and cell responses towards repair [36][37][38][39]; (6) and electrical stimulation-based approaches, such as epidural stimulation (ES) with spinal cord-implanted electrodes to deliver electrical pulses [40] to improve motor function [41][42][43][44][45] or transdermal or transmagnetic electrical stimulation (TEM) to modulate activity after SCI [46,47].…”

Section: Spinal Cord Injury and Promising Therapeutic Approaches For ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Schwann Cell-Derived Exosomal Vesicles: A Promising Therapy for the Injured Spinal Cord

Ghosh,

Pearse

2023

IJMS

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Exosomes are nanoscale-sized membrane vesicles released by cells into their extracellular milieu. Within these nanovesicles reside a multitude of bioactive molecules, which orchestrate essential biological processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival, in the recipient cells. These bioactive properties of exosomes render them a promising choice for therapeutic use in the realm of tissue regeneration and repair. Exosomes possess notable positive attributes, including a high bioavailability, inherent safety, and stability, as well as the capacity to be functionalized so that drugs or biological agents can be encapsulated within them or to have their surface modified with ligands and receptors to imbue them with selective cell or tissue targeting. Remarkably, their small size and capacity for receptor-mediated transcytosis enable exosomes to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and access the central nervous system (CNS). Unlike cell-based therapies, exosomes present fewer ethical constraints in their collection and direct use as a therapeutic approach in the human body. These advantageous qualities underscore the vast potential of exosomes as a treatment option for neurological injuries and diseases, setting them apart from other cell-based biological agents. Considering the therapeutic potential of exosomes, the current review seeks to specifically examine an area of investigation that encompasses the development of Schwann cell (SC)-derived exosomal vesicles (SCEVs) as an approach to spinal cord injury (SCI) protection and repair. SCs, the myelinating glia of the peripheral nervous system, have a long history of demonstrated benefit in repair of the injured spinal cord and peripheral nerves when transplanted, including their recent advancement to clinical investigations for feasibility and safety in humans. This review delves into the potential of utilizing SCEVs as a therapy for SCI, explores promising engineering strategies to customize SCEVs for specific actions, and examines how SCEVs may offer unique clinical advantages over SC transplantation for repair of the injured spinal cord.

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GsMTx4 ameliorates spinal cord injury by regulating microglial polarization through the Piezo1/NFκB/STAT6 pathway

Zheng,

Zhang,

Che

et al. 2024

Journal of Neurorestoratology

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NT-3 Combined with TGF-β Signaling Pathway Enhance the Repair of Spinal Cord Injury by Inhibiting Glial Scar Formation and Promoting Axonal Regeneration

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

TGF‐β signaling pathway in spinal cord injury: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential

TGF‐β signaling pathway in spinal cord injury: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential

Schwann Cell-Derived Exosomal Vesicles: A Promising Therapy for the Injured Spinal Cord

GsMTx4 ameliorates spinal cord injury by regulating microglial polarization through the Piezo1/NFκB/STAT6 pathway

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