NSB (Neptune Sandbox Berlin): An expanded and improved database of marine planktonic microfossil data and deep-sea stratigraphy

Renaudie, Johan; Lazarus, David; Diver, Patrick

doi:10.26879/1032

Cited by 23 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Using data included in the Neptune Database (NSB), Fontorbe et al (2016) cited the occurrences of neritic diatom genera at unquestionably pelagic sites, arguing for a habitat change over geological timescales. Depending on the methodology of studies incorporated into NSB (Lazarus, 1994;Renaudie et al, 2020), the database includes quantitative data only for some sites, and the prevalent qualitative data may only indicate the presence or absence of a taxon in a given deep-sea hole.…”

Section: Western North Atlantic Siliceous Microfossil Assemblages -The Neritic Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Paleogene biosiliceous sedimentation in the Atlantic Ocean: Testing the inorganic origin hypothesis for Paleocene and Eocene chert and porcellanite

Witkowski

Penman

Bryłka

et al. 2020

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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The widespread occurrence of lower Eocene chert and porcellanite has been viewed as a major paleoceanographic issue since the advent of ocean drilling, and both biotic and abiotic forcings have been proposed to explain it. We present a reconstruction of indurated siliceous sediment (ISS) and preserved biosiliceous sediment (PBS) occurrences in the Atlantic Ocean through the Paleocene and Eocene (~66 through 34 Ma). ISS and PBS distributions reveal dissimilar temporal trends, with the peak of ISS occurrences coinciding with the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum, in line with previous studies. PBS occurrences show a generally increasing trend culminating between 44 and 43 Ma. The common co-occurrence of ISS and PBS, and their coherent geographic distribution lends strong support to the biogenic origin of the precursor to the widespread Paleogene ISS, and argues against an inorganic mode of early Cenozoic chert and porcellanite precipitation. Weight per cent biogenic opal records and trends in linear sedimentation rates indicate two plausible modes of silicification: 1) silicification due to prolonged exposure of 2 biogenic opal-rich sediments to corrosive bottom waters; and 2) silicification due to elevated pressures and temperatures caused by rapid burial of biogenic opal-rich deposits. The confinement of ISS and PBS to proximal sites along continental margins points to the reliance of siliceous sedimentation through the Paleocene and Eocene on terrestrial supply of dissolved silicon.Consistent with this, quantitative siliceous microfossil assemblage records from the Blake Nose in the NW Atlantic indicate that the nutrient-rich marginal rather than oligotrophic pelagic settings hosted the majority of siliceous plankton production through the early Paleogene.The inorganic SiO2 precipitation model is unlikely to have been the dominant mechanism responsible for ubiquitous occurrences of early Paleogene ISS. We favor the biogenic ISS precursor scenario and reconcile it with the low-productivity early Cenozoic oceans by showing that large volumes of biogenic silica were supplied to the western North Atlantic Ocean from the North American margin through the Paleocene and Eocene. Dissolution of this surplus silica was facilitated by an early southwestward flow of young, SiO2-depleted waters from the North Atlantic.

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Section: Western North Atlantic Siliceous Microfossil Assemblages -The Neritic Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Paleogene biosiliceous sedimentation in the Atlantic Ocean: Testing the inorganic origin hypothesis for Paleocene and Eocene chert and porcellanite

Witkowski

Penman

Bryłka

et al. 2020

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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“…2a ). For comparison to previous work, we computed 10–0 Ma within-sample species richness for the tropical Pacific region (all longitudes, ≤20°N/S, all sites labeled Pacific for ocean) from the NSB database of the published literature 37 . This dataset includes radiolarian species occurrences in 1541 samples from 26 sites in the tropical Pacific, making it a robust estimate of overall trends for those species reported in the literature, even if samples were not fully surveyed for richness.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evenness (Pielou equitability index 38 ) is plotted in blue, and boundary-crosser extinction rate 70 is plotted in red (most recent time bin removed due to edge effect, see “Methods”). The green line in ( a ) refers to tropical Pacific radiolarian diversity recorded in the Neptune Sandbox Berlin (NSB) database 37 , which includes data from previous deep-sea drilling research (note broken scale). Southern Ocean radiolarian data were obtained from 9 and re-analyzed for this study using updated age models in NSB.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Radiolarian species distributions have been extensively documented in both the Neogene fossil record 22 , 37 , 54 , and in the plankton over many decades 20 . Studies of fossil species have mostly concentrated on a fraction of the species richness—biostratigraphic marker species, and relatively common forms as tracers of ocean environments 22 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Marine plankton show threshold extinction response to Neogene climate change

et al. 2020

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Ongoing climate change is predicted to trigger major shifts in the geographic distribution of marine plankton species. However, it remains unclear whether species will successfully track optimal habitats to new regions, or face extinction. Here we show that one significant zooplankton group, the radiolaria, underwent a severe decline in high latitude species richness presaged by ecologic reorganization during the late Neogene, a time of amplified polar cooling. We find that the majority (71%) of affected species did not relocate to the warmer low latitudes, but went extinct. This indicates that some plankton species cannot track optimal temperatures on a global scale as assumed by ecologic models; instead, assemblages undergo restructuring and extinction once local environmental thresholds are exceeded. This pattern forewarns profound diversity loss of high latitude radiolaria in the near future, which may have cascading effects on the ocean food web and carbon cycle.

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“…We obtained occurrences of four microfossil groups, divided here into two groups: calcareous ( planktonic foraminifers and calcareous nannoplankton) and siliceous (radiolarians and diatoms), from the Neptune Sandbox Berlin (NSB, http://www.nsb-mfnberlin.de/, downloaded on 20 February 2019), a global database of microfossil occurrence data [37]. The download comprised 583 555 occurrences of valid species, including pre-Cenozoic microfossils (electronic supplementary material, table S1).…”

Section: Methods (A) Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Out of the extratropics: the evolution of the latitudinal diversity gradient of Cenozoic marine plankton

Raja

Kiessling

2021

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Many ecological and evolutionary hypotheses have been proposed to explain the latitudinal diversity gradient, i.e. the increase in species richness from the poles to the tropics. Among the evolutionary hypotheses, the ‘out of the tropics’ (OTT) hypothesis has received considerable attention. The OTT posits that the tropics are both a cradle and source of biodiversity for extratropical regions. To test the generality of the OTT hypothesis, we explored the spatial biodiversity dynamics of unicellular marine plankton over the Cenozoic era (the last 66 Myr). We find large-scale climatic changes during the Cenozoic shaped the diversification and dispersal of marine plankton. Origination was generally more likely in the extratropics and net dispersal was towards the tropics rather than in the opposite direction, especially during the warmer climates of the early Cenozoic. Although migration proportions varied among major plankton groups and climate phases, we provide evidence that the extratropics were a source of tropical microplankton biodiversity over the last 66 Myr.

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NSB (Neptune Sandbox Berlin): An expanded and improved database of marine planktonic microfossil data and deep-sea stratigraphy

Cited by 23 publications

References 34 publications

Early Paleogene biosiliceous sedimentation in the Atlantic Ocean: Testing the inorganic origin hypothesis for Paleocene and Eocene chert and porcellanite

Early Paleogene biosiliceous sedimentation in the Atlantic Ocean: Testing the inorganic origin hypothesis for Paleocene and Eocene chert and porcellanite

Marine plankton show threshold extinction response to Neogene climate change

Out of the extratropics: the evolution of the latitudinal diversity gradient of Cenozoic marine plankton

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