Nrf2 protects against radiation-induced oral mucositis via antioxidation and keratin layer thickening

Wakamori, Shun; Taguchi, Keiko; Nakayama, Yuki; Ohkoshi, Akira; Sporn, Michael B.; Ogawa, Takenori; Katori, Yukio; Yamamoto, Masayuki

doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.239

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Wakamori et al demonstrated the relative radioresistance in mice with NRF2 and KEAP1 loss-of-function models. These authors concluded that mice with reduced NRF2 expression suffered from radiation-induced mucositis as opposed to KEAP1 knockout mice, who in addition to having baseline thicker keratin layers, did not develop any tongue ulcers after irradiation 44. This should be further explored in relation to radionecrosis in KEAP1 mutant cancers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole brain radiation therapy resulting in radionecrosis: a possible link with radiosensitising chemoimmunotherapy

Ngu,

Werner,

D' Amico

et al. 2023

BMJ Case Rep

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Radionecrosis describes a rare but serious complication of radiation therapy. In clinical practice, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is increasingly used in combination with systemic therapy, including chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitor and targeted therapy, either concurrently or sequentially. There is a paucity of literature regarding radionecrosis in patients receiving whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) alone (without additional SRS) in combination with immunotherapy or targeted therapies. It is observed that certain combinations increase the overall radiosensitivity of the tumorous lesions. We present a rare case of symptomatic radionecrosis almost 1 year after WBRT in a patient with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer on third-line chemoimmunotherapy. We discuss available research regarding factors that may lead to radionecrosis in these patients, including molecular and genetic profiles, specific drug therapy combinations and their timing or increased overall survival.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole brain radiation therapy resulting in radionecrosis: a possible link with radiosensitising chemoimmunotherapy

Ngu,

Werner,

D' Amico

et al. 2023

BMJ Case Rep

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“…RIOM is one of the most prevalent negative conditions in RT for head and neck malignancies, but therapies for OM are limited to palliative and supportive care 21 . This study focused on the relation between the severity of RIOM and salivary EGF as well as inflammatory cytokines in patients with HNC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations between the severity of radiation‐induced oral mucositis and salivary epidermal growth factor as well as inflammatory cytokines in patients with head and neck cancer

Yang

et al. 2023

Head & Neck

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Background This study aimed to investigate correlations of the severity of radiation‐induced oral mucositis (RIOM) with epidermal growth factor (EGF) and inflammatory cytokines in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Methods Levels of inflammatory cytokines and EGF in saliva of HNC patients were measured. Correlations of inflammatory cytokines and EGF levels with RIOM severity and pain degree, and their diagnostic values on RIOM severity were determined. Results Elevated IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, IL‐2, and IL‐6 levels, and reduced IL‐4, IL‐10, and EGF levels were found in patients with severe RIOM. IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, IL‐2, and IL‐6 were positively correlated with RIOM severity, while IL‐10, IL‐4, and EGF were negatively correlated with it. All factors were effective in predicting the severity of RIOM. Conclusion IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, IL‐2, and IL‐6 in saliva of patients with HNC are positively correlated with the severity of RIOM, and IL‐4, IL‐10, and EGF were negatively correlated with it.

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“…For instance, stage 4 (observed as ulcerations) is strongly associated with invasion of bacteria into submucosal and vascular compartments ( Reis Ferreira et al., 2022 ). Overall, radiation directly and indirectly causes DNA damage leading to epithelial cell death, ulceration, and inflammation ( Wakamori et al., 2022 ). In that process, the release of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and NF-κβ, is significant ( Lee and Galloway, 2022 ).…”

Section: Radiotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-cancer management of head and neck cancers and oral microbiome—what can we clinically obtain?

Makarewicz,

Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka,

Sobocki

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) exhibits significant genetic heterogeneity and primarily concerns the oral cavity and oropharynx. These cancers occur more frequently in men with a 5-year survival rate below 50%. Major risk factors include human papilloma virus (HPV) (notably type 16), Epstein–Barr virus, tobacco, alcohol, and poor oral hygiene with approximately 4.5% of global cancers linked to HPV. Notably, differences in the microbiome between healthy individuals and patients with head and neck cancers (HNCs) have been identified. Recent studies highlight the significance of certain oral microbes in risk assessment and the potential of the microbiome as a biomarker for HNCs. Additionally, role of the microbiome in metastasis has been acknowledged. Treatment for HNCs includes local methods, such as surgery and radiotherapy, and systemic approaches, such as immunotherapy. Numerous side effects accompany these treatments. Emerging research suggests the beneficial role of preoperative immunonutrition and probiotics in patient outcomes, emphasizing the influence of the microbiome on treatment efficacy. This review explores the reciprocal effects of HNC treatment and the gut microbiome using radiotherapy, brachytherapy, surgery, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy.

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Nrf2 protects against radiation-induced oral mucositis via antioxidation and keratin layer thickening

Cited by 10 publications

References 65 publications

Whole brain radiation therapy resulting in radionecrosis: a possible link with radiosensitising chemoimmunotherapy

Whole brain radiation therapy resulting in radionecrosis: a possible link with radiosensitising chemoimmunotherapy

Correlations between the severity of radiation‐induced oral mucositis and salivary epidermal growth factor as well as inflammatory cytokines in patients with head and neck cancer

Anti-cancer management of head and neck cancers and oral microbiome—what can we clinically obtain?

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