Nrf2 Pathway and Autophagy Crosstalk: New Insights into Therapeutic Strategies for Ischemic Cerebral Vascular Diseases

Hu, Yue; Luo, Yumin; Zheng, Yangmin

doi:10.3390/antiox11091747

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 173 publications

(131 reference statements)

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“…Autophagy inhibitors are able to stop the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and decrease the expression of Nrf2 target genes. This action supports the evidence that autophagy shows antioxidant and neuroprotective roles in brain cells and tissues by stimulating Nrf2 [209]. Animal studies showed that the lack of Nrf2 reduces the inflammatory reaction dramatically in the brain [210].…”

Section: Nrf2 and Parkinson's Diseasesupporting

confidence: 85%

A Review of the Potential of Nuclear Factor [Erythroid-Derived 2]-like 2 Activation in Autoimmune Diseases

Ates,

Yılmaz,

Buttari

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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An autoimmune disease is the consequence of the immune system attacking healthy cells, tissues, and organs by mistake instead of protecting them. Inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are well-recognized processes occurring in association with acute or chronic impairment of cell homeostasis. The transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor [erythroid-derived 2]-like 2) is of major importance as the defense instrument against OS and alters anti-inflammatory activities related to different pathological states. Researchers have described Nrf2 as a significant regulator of innate immunity. Growing indications suggest that the Nrf2 signaling pathway is deregulated in numerous diseases, including autoimmune disorders. The advantageous outcome of the pharmacological activation of Nrf2 is an essential part of Nrf2-based chemoprevention and intervention in other chronic illnesses, such as neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune diseases, and chronic kidney and liver disease. Nevertheless, a growing number of investigations have indicated that Nrf2 is already elevated in specific cancer and disease steps, suggesting that the pharmacological agents developed to mitigate the potentially destructive or transformative results associated with the protracted activation of Nrf2 should also be evaluated. The activators of Nrf2 have revealed an improvement in the progress of OS-associated diseases, resulting in immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory activities; by contrast, the depletion of Nrf2 worsens disease progression. These data strengthen the growing attention to the biological properties of Nrf2 and its possible healing power on diseases. The evidence supporting a correlation between Nrf2 signaling and the most common autoimmune diseases is reviewed here. We focus on the aspects related to the possible effect of Nrf2 activation in ameliorating pathologic conditions based on the role of this regulator of antioxidant genes in the control of inflammation and OS, which are processes related to the progression of autoimmune diseases. Finally, the possibility of Nrf2 activation as a new drug development strategy to target pathogenesis is proposed.

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Section: Nrf2 and Parkinson's Diseasesupporting

confidence: 85%

A Review of the Potential of Nuclear Factor [Erythroid-Derived 2]-like 2 Activation in Autoimmune Diseases

Ates,

Yılmaz,

Buttari

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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“…In humans, numerous genes participate in the orchestration of autophagy in response to ROS and RNS, and the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) plays an important role in regulating the expression of genes involved in the antioxidant response. NRF2 activated in response to ROS and RNS is known to affect autophagy [29]. Furthermore, cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP), which generates ROS, is receiving potential applications as a new type of anticancer agent [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the effects of diluted plasma activated water (PAW) on various sprout crops and its role in autophagy regulation

Song,

Hong,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Plasma-activated water (PAW) has been studied for a variety of applications, including agricultural, medical, beauty, and sterilization. This process typically involves exposing water to a plasma discharge, releasing highly reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS), ions, and other active molecules. In agriculture, seed germination and sterilization are being emphasized for their utility. Results In this study, PAW1000, which was maximally exposed to plasma, was diluted and applied to hydroponic culture and pot soil cultivation for sprout crops that can be easily cultivated. As a result, diluted PAW contained a little bit nitrogen source and promoted various sprout crop growth. These results show the possibility of reducing the use of plant growth agents or fertilizers that cause environmental pollution by diluting and irrigating PAW on various sprout crops. Additionally, we found that using PAW contributes to the activation of autophagy. Conclusions The objective of this study is to provide a more comprehensive understanding of how plants respond to PAW treatment and offer insights into the potential applications of plasma technology in smart farms or in-door farming.

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“…This makes the autophagic pathway a promising target in a variety of conditions, with pharmacological modulation aiming either to stimulate autophagy and to exploit its protective role, or to inhibit it from constituting an escape mechanism, like in cancer cells. DMF’s interaction with the autophagic pathway is mainly dependent on DMF-mediated activation of Nrf2, as the two pathways are correlated by a positive feedback loop: Nrf2 activation can result in the transcription of TP53 , an autophagy inducer, whereas the autophagy adaptor protein SQSTM1/p62 may induce the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 through the autophagy-dependent degradation of Keap1 ( Hu et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Action: Molecular Targets and Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel potential pharmacological applications of dimethyl fumarate—an overview and update

Bresciani,

Manai,

Davinelli

et al. 2023

Front. Pharmacol.

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Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an FDA-approved drug for the treatment of psoriasis and multiple sclerosis. DMF is known to stabilize the transcription factor Nrf2, which in turn induces the expression of antioxidant response element genes. It has also been shown that DMF influences autophagy and participates in the transcriptional control of inflammatory factors by inhibiting NF-κB and its downstream targets. DMF is receiving increasing attention for its potential to be repurposed for several diseases. This versatile molecule is indeed able to exert beneficial effects on different medical conditions through a pleiotropic mechanism, in virtue of its antioxidant, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative effects. A growing number of preclinical and clinical studies show that DMF may have important therapeutic implications for chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular and respiratory pathologies, cancer, eye disorders, neurodegenerative conditions, and systemic or organ specific inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases. This comprehensive review summarizes and highlights the plethora of DMF’s beneficial effects and underlines its repurposing opportunities in a variety of clinical conditions.

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Nrf2 Pathway and Autophagy Crosstalk: New Insights into Therapeutic Strategies for Ischemic Cerebral Vascular Diseases

Cited by 10 publications

References 173 publications

A Review of the Potential of Nuclear Factor [Erythroid-Derived 2]-like 2 Activation in Autoimmune Diseases

A Review of the Potential of Nuclear Factor [Erythroid-Derived 2]-like 2 Activation in Autoimmune Diseases

Exploring the effects of diluted plasma activated water (PAW) on various sprout crops and its role in autophagy regulation

Novel potential pharmacological applications of dimethyl fumarate—an overview and update

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