Nox enzymes from fungus to fly to fish and what they tell us about Nox function in mammals

Abstract

The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a highly regulated fashion is a hallmark of members of the NADPH oxidase (Nox) family of enzymes. Nox enzymes are present in most eukaryotic groups such as the amebozoid, fungi, algae and plants, and animals, where they are involved in seemingly diverse biological processes. However, a comprehensive survey of Nox functions throughout biology reveals common functional themes. Noxes are often activated in response to stressful conditions such as nutrient starvat…