Novel π-Shape Microstrip Antenna Design for Multi-band Response

A review on microstrip patch antenna parameters of different geometry and bandwidth enhancement techniques

“…The bandwidth (28.4 GHz) of leaf shape antenna [13] is larger than the antennas reported in [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] of Tables 1-5. The simulated peak gain of 18.4 dBi of tree shape antenna [24] and measured peak gain of 9.72 dBi of bat shape antenna [40] are larger than the gain reported in [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. (3) Antenna size of reported works is in millimeter scale.…”

“…The antenna reported in [32] shows dual-and single-band characteristics with shorting pin and without shorting-pin, respectively. The antenna mentioned in [32] is modified for three band (605, 920, and 1420 MHz) applications and reported in [35]. The resonating band of antenna [35] has changed from dual band to triple band with proper adjustment of feed position.…”

“…The antenna mentioned in [32] is modified for three band (605, 920, and 1420 MHz) applications and reported in [35]. The resonating band of antenna [35] has changed from dual band to triple band with proper adjustment of feed position.…”

“…From Table 5, it is concluded that the Pi shape antenna is compact in size due to its simple structure and suitable for low-frequency applications. Physical resonant length of Pi shape antenna for TM 10 can be approximated as derived in [35].…”