Novel xylan-binding properties of an engineered family 4 carbohydrate-binding module

Gunnarsson, Lavinia Cicortas; Montanier, Cédric; Tunnicliffe, Richard B.; Williamson, Michael P.; Gilbert, Harry J.; Karlsson, Eva Nordberg; Ohlin, Mats

doi:10.1042/bj20070128

Cited by 29 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…From previous studies, it is known that CBM4-2 binds both xylans and cellulosic polysaccharides. 32 Here we show that CBM4-2 can also recognize highly decorated xylans such as the FAXs used in this study, as analysed by ITC ( Fig. S2 and Table S1, ESI †) and AE (Fig.…”

Section: Affinity Of Cbms To Faxsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…However, the determined affinity for FAX is about ten times lower than that previously observed for oat-spelt xylan (low arabinose/xylose ratio) and four times lower than for birchwood xylan (more decorated xylan). 32 For CBM X-2, which has previously been shown to bind different xylans at a lower affinity compared to CBM4-2, the affinity toward FAX was detected but could not be quantified with ITC. Furthermore, CBM X-2 is retained in AE gels containing FAX (Fig.…”

Section: Affinity Of Cbms To Faxmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Bioinspired assemblies of plant cell wall polymers unravel the affinity properties of carbohydrate-binding modules

Paës¹,

Schantz²,

Ohlin³

2015

Soft Matter

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Lignocellulose-acting enzymes play a central role in the biorefinery of plant biomass to make fuels, chemicals and materials. These enzymes are often appended to carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs) that promote substrate targeting. When used in plant materials, which are complex assemblies of polymers, the binding properties of CBMs can be difficult to understand and predict, thus limiting the efficiency of enzymes. In order to gain more information on the binding properties of CBMs, some bioinspired model assemblies that contain some of the polymers and covalent interactions found in the plant cell walls have been designed. The mobility of three engineered CBMs has been investigated by FRAP in these assemblies, while varying the parameters related to the polymer concentration, the physical state of assemblies and the oligomerization state of CBMs. The features controlling the mobility of the CBMs in the assemblies have been quantified and hierarchized. We demonstrate that the parameters can have additional or opposite effects on mobility, depending on the CBM tested. We also find evidence of a relationship between the mobility of CBMs and their binding strength. Overall, bioinspired assemblies are able to reveal the unique features of affinity of CBMs. In particular, the results show that oligomerization of CBMs and the presence of ferulic acid motifs in the assemblies play an important role in the binding affinity of CBMs. Thus we propose that these features should be finely tuned when CBMs are used in plant cell walls to optimise bioprocesses.

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Section: Affinity Of Cbms To Faxsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Affinity Of Cbms To Faxmentioning

confidence: 92%

Bioinspired assemblies of plant cell wall polymers unravel the affinity properties of carbohydrate-binding modules

Paës¹,

Schantz²,

Ohlin³

2015

Soft Matter

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“…While investigating the binding efficiency of different variants of CBM4 from Rhodothermus marinus xylanase 10A (GH10) to unbleached pulp fibers, Filonova et al (2007a) observed that one of the variants, X-2, bound to the S1 layer at dislocations. In this experiment it is believed that the X-2 variant uses only one aromatic residue for interaction with only one face of the xylan chain (Cicortas-Gunnarsson et al 2007), i.e. that this particular variant perhaps does not have a cleft type binding mechanism.…”

Section: Bindingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cellulose is not just cellulose: a review of dislocations as reactive sites in the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose microfibrils

et al. 2012

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Most secondary plant cell walls contain irregular regions known as dislocations or slip planes. Under industrial biorefining conditions dislocations have recently been shown to play a key role during the initial phase of the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose in plant cell walls. In this review we chart previous publications that have discussed the structure of dislocations and their susceptibility to hydrolysis. The supramolecular structure of cellulose in dislocations is still unknown. However, it has been shown that cellulose microfibrils continue through dislocations, i.e. dislocations are not regions where free cellulose ends are more abundant than in the bulk cell wall. In more severe cases cracks between fibrils form at dislocations and it is possible that the increased accessibility that these cracks give is the reason why hydrolysis of cellulose starts at these locations. If acid or enzymatic hydrolysis of plant cell walls is carried out simultaneously with the application of shear stress, plant cells such as fibers or tracheids break at their dislocations. At present it is not known whether specific carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs) and/or cellulases preferentially access cellulose at dislocations. From the few studies published so far it seems that no special type of CBM is involved. In one case an endoglucanase was found to preferably bind to dislocations.

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“…Additional uses include highly specific probes for cell wall constituents, which are critical to refining our understanding of plant cell wall construction [64–66]. …”

Section: Applications Of Phage Display In Agriculture: Seed Producmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uses of Phage Display in Agriculture: A Review of Food-Related Protein-Protein Interactions Discovered by Biopanning over Diverse Baits

Kushwaha

Payne

Downie

2013

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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This review highlights discoveries made using phage display that impact the use of agricultural products. The contribution phage display made to our fundamental understanding of how various protective molecules serve to safeguard plants and seeds from herbivores and microbes is discussed. The utility of phage display for directed evolution of enzymes with enhanced capacities to degrade the complex polymers of the cell wall into molecules useful for biofuel production is surveyed. Food allergies are often directed against components of seeds; this review emphasizes how phage display has been employed to determine the seed component(s) contributing most to the allergenic reaction and how it has played a central role in novel approaches to mitigate patient response. Finally, an overview of the use of phage display in identifying the mature seed proteome protection and repair mechanisms is provided. The identification of specific classes of proteins preferentially bound by such protection and repair proteins leads to hypotheses concerning the importance of safeguarding the translational apparatus from damage during seed quiescence and environmental perturbations during germination. These examples, it is hoped, will spur the use of phage display in future plant science examining protein-ligand interactions.

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Novel xylan-binding properties of an engineered family 4 carbohydrate-binding module

Cited by 29 publications

References 21 publications

Bioinspired assemblies of plant cell wall polymers unravel the affinity properties of carbohydrate-binding modules

Bioinspired assemblies of plant cell wall polymers unravel the affinity properties of carbohydrate-binding modules

Cellulose is not just cellulose: a review of dislocations as reactive sites in the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose microfibrils

Uses of Phage Display in Agriculture: A Review of Food-Related Protein-Protein Interactions Discovered by Biopanning over Diverse Baits

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