Novel Weed-Extracted Silver Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Appraisal against a Rare Bacterium from River and Sewage Treatment Plan

Abstract

This is the first investigation to demonstrate the use of biochemical contents present within Cyperus rotundus, Eleusin indica, Euphorbia hirta, Melastoma malabathricum, Clidemia hirta and Pachyrhizus erosus extracts for the reduction of silver ion to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) form. In addition, the antibacterial capability of the synthesized AgNPs and plant extracts alone against a rare bacterium, Chromobacterium haemolyticum (C. haemolyticum), was examined. Moreover, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICPOES) of the synthesized AgNPs were characterized. The smallest AgNPs can be produced when Cyperus rotundus extracts were utilized. In addition, this study has found that the synthesis efficiencies using all plant extracts are in the range of 72% to 91% with the highest percentage achieved when Eleusin indica extract was employed. All synthesized AgNPs have antibacterial capability against all examined bacteria depending on their size and bacteria types. Interestingly, Melastoma malabathricum and Clidemia hirta extracts have demonstrated an antibacterial ability against C. haemolyticum.

A new green method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial activities against gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria

“…The size of AgNPs was estimated by randomly measuring selected samples from the FESEM data following the procedure established elsewhere . The FESEM images of AgNPs synthesized using A. conyzoides and M. micrantha are shown in Figure .…”

“…For instance, AgNPs synthesized using Talinum triangulare exhibited inhibition zones of 2.35 ± 0.35, 2.55 ± 0.64, and 1.65 ± 0.07 mm against Staphylococcus aureus , E. coli , and Candida albicans , respectively . Also, inhibition zones of 6.50 ± 0.40 and 8.90 ± 0.60 were observed when AgNPs were synthesized using Zingiber officinale , and those synthesized using Melastoma malabathricum inhibited the growth of all employed bacteria ranging from 1.17 ± 0.50 to 1.60 ± 0.10 mm and from 1.03 ± 0.06 to 1.60 ± 0.10 mm when they were synthesized using Clidemia hirta . Table lists a comparison of the zones of inhibition of AgNPs synthesized by green procedures against several bacteria.…”

Toward a comprehensive understanding of textiles functionalized with silver nanoparticles

“…Nanomaterials are intended to enhance textile features such as self‐cleaning, water‐repellent and dirt‐repellent, antimicrobial, conductive, and antistatic properties, and decreased gas permeability and flammability . Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are a class of nanomaterials that have been hugely explored because of their remarkable features such as physical and mechanical . AgNPs have been recognized to have several properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, and anti‐inflammatory.…”

Biological and Physical Applications of Silver Nanoparticles with Emerging Trends of Green Synthesis

“…Prepared silver nanoparticles were evaluated for antibacterial capability against E. coli, B. cereus, and rare bacterium Chromobacterium haemolyticum. They found that all silver nanoparticles have antibacterial capability [28]. Pandian et al synthesized silver nanoparticles using Allium sativum extract and evaluated by cytotoxic assays.…”