Novel vitamin E analogue and 9-nitro-camptothecin administered as liposome aerosols decrease syngeneic mouse mammary tumor burden and inhibit metastasis

Abstract

Combination treatments enhanced antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities in cell culture, and when formulated in liposomes and delivered via aerosolization to treat an aggressive and metastatic syngeneic murine mammary tumor, the combination treatment showed a significant reduction in tumor volume in comparison to either treatment alone. Mechanistically, it appears that neither enhanced apoptosis, reduced cell proliferation,nor reduced blood vessel density can fully account for the enhanced effects of the combination treatment.

Inhaled chemotherapy in lung cancer: future concept of nanomedicine

“…31,32,84,131,230,231,238 In addition, a high percentage of lymph nodes in the aerosol treatment groups did not show any metastasis in several studies, so it is possible that this route of administration destroys tumor cells and prevents them from trafficking from the primary subcutaneous tumor to the lungs and lymph nodes via the lymphatic system. 31,32,49,57 Nevertheless, in many of these studies, an additional intravenous chemotherapy regimen was administered, so clear conclusions cannot be drawn. Nanoparticles have the ability to evade macrophages and transport them into lung tissues other than the alveolus and into the general circulation.…”

“…Regarding the safety of medical personnel, the aerolized studies were performed with certain protection measures, including special plastic cages for animals. 49,57 Other measures for protection were the design of the delivery system or method. In a number of studies, the drug was delivered through a special nose-only chamber 51 and using an intracorporeal catheter.…”

“…49,238,239 The a-TEA could be used as a molecule additional to the aerosol formulation, in order to augment apoptosis of cancer cells and to decrease cancer cell proliferation. 49,57,239 Again, safety issues are discussed in the safety section. The anticancer effect of 9-nitro-camptothecin as an aerosol has been established.…”

“…The anticancer effect of 9-nitro-camptothecin as an aerosol has been established. 56,57,240 Several formulations using carrier systems have been used to deliver sustained-release 9-nitro-camptothecin. Feasibility and effectiveness was established, and in addition to encapsulation with carriers, pegylation added a "stealth" property, as previously mentioned.…”

Aerosolized Medications for Gene and Peptide Therapy

“…39,40,[47][48] Research is also focusing on liposomal carriers of potent chemotherapy agents such as 9-nitro-camptothecin. 46,54 Future clinical trials that integrate safety and efficacy are needed to determine whether chemotherapy via inhalation is a viable treatment approach for lung cancer.…”