Novel viral vectors in infectious diseases

Humphreys, Ian R.; Sebastian, Sarah

doi:10.1111/imm.12829

Cited by 123 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…The best-studied self-amplified mRNA molecules are derived from alphavirus genomes, such as those of the Sindbis virus (SINV), Semliki Forest virus (SFV), and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses (VEEVs) (reviewed in Ljungberg and Liljeström 83 and Atkins et al 84 ). Negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses, such as rhabdoviruses and measles viruses, can also be utilized for the development of RNA-based vaccines (reviewed in Mühlebach 85 and Humphreys and Sebastian 86 ). However, the negative-sense RNA genomes need to be rescued by reverse genetics where cell culture-based systems are required, and therefore are not the focus of this review.…”

Section: Self-amplifying Mrna Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mRNA as a Transformative Technology for Vaccine Development to Control Infectious Diseases

et al. 2019

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Section: Self-amplifying Mrna Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mRNA as a Transformative Technology for Vaccine Development to Control Infectious Diseases

et al. 2019

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“…Adenoviral vectors are able to induce potent antibody as well as T cell responses with variations in the immune response depending on the serotype employed ( 28 ). Replication-deficient Ad5, one of the most widely used adenoviral vectors, is able to induce exceptionally potent CD8 + T cell as well as antibody responses ( 29 ). However, the widespread pre-existing immunity to this virus in the human population, that can inhibit transgene expression and inactivate the viral vector, hampers its clinical use ( 30 ).…”

Section: Vaccine Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Vaccine Technologies to Combat Outbreak Situations

et al. 2018

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Ever since the development of the first vaccine more than 200 years ago, vaccinations have greatly decreased the burden of infectious diseases worldwide, famously leading to the eradication of small pox and allowing the restriction of diseases such as polio, tetanus, diphtheria, and measles. A multitude of research efforts focuses on the improvement of established and the discovery of new vaccines such as the HPV (human papilloma virus) vaccine in 2006. However, radical changes in the density, age distribution and traveling habits of the population worldwide as well as the changing climate favor the emergence of old and new pathogens that bear the risk of becoming pandemic threats. In recent years, the rapid spread of severe infections such as HIV, SARS, Ebola, and Zika have highlighted the dire need for global preparedness for pandemics, which necessitates the extremely rapid development and comprehensive distribution of vaccines against potentially previously unknown pathogens. What is more, the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria calls for new approaches to prevent infections. Given these changes, established methods for the identification of new vaccine candidates are no longer sufficient to ensure global protection. Hence, new vaccine technologies able to achieve rapid development as well as large scale production are of pivotal importance. This review will discuss viral vector and nucleic acid-based vaccines (DNA and mRNA vaccines) as new approaches that might be able to tackle these challenges to global health.

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“…With advances made in understanding the replication and pathogenesis of a wide variety of viruses along with the development of tools for genetic manipulation, it is now possible to generate safer attenuated vaccines expressing recombinant viral protein antigens from a proxy infection model (Robert-Guroff 2007). Replicating vectors in use includes adenovirus, measles virus, poxvirus and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) (Humphreys and Sebastian 2018). These viruses are either non-pathogenic in humans (VSV) or carry a genetically modified genome which neutralizes their virulent nature.…”

Section: Replicating Viral Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global efforts on vaccines for COVID-19: Since, sooner or later, we all will catch the coronavirus

Mukherjee

2020

J Biosci

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COVID-19 is an emerging infectious disease that has turned into a pandemic. It spreads through droplet transmission of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. It is an RNA virus displaying a spike protein as the major surface protein with significant sequence similarity to SARS-CoV which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome. The receptor binding domain of the spike protein interacts with the human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 and is considered as the antigenic determinant for stimulating an immune response. While multiple candidate vaccines are currently under different stages of development, there are no known therapeutic interventions at the moment. This review describes the key genetic features that are being considered for generating vaccine candidates by employing innovative technologies. It also highlights the global efforts being undertaken to deliver vaccines for COVID-19 through unprecedented international cooperation and future challenges post development.(0123456789().,-volV) (0123456789().,-volV)

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Novel viral vectors in infectious diseases

Cited by 123 publications

References 119 publications

mRNA as a Transformative Technology for Vaccine Development to Control Infectious Diseases

mRNA as a Transformative Technology for Vaccine Development to Control Infectious Diseases

New Vaccine Technologies to Combat Outbreak Situations

Global efforts on vaccines for COVID-19: Since, sooner or later, we all will catch the coronavirus

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