Novel, UV‐curable coatings containing a tethered biocide: Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial activity

Abstract

Cationic, UV -curable coatings containing the tethered biocide, triclosan, were produced and their antimicrobial activity toward Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli determined. Two polysiloxanes functionalized with both cycloaliphatic epoxy and triclosan were synthesized using hydrosilylation. The functionalized polysiloxanes, with varied concentration of pendant triclosan, were used to produce UV-curable coatings with reasonably good coating properties. Fourier transform (FT)-Raman spectroscopy showed that the tethered triclosan moieties self-concentrate on the coating surface. Using biological assays, it was determined that the coatings possessed nearly 100% antimicrobial activity toward the Gram-positive bacterium, S. epidermidis, without leaching toxic components. For the Gram-negative bacterium, E. coli, 60-80% reduction in biofilm retention was observed for all the coatings. Interestingly, the coatings were lesser effective in reducing E. coli cell viability suggesting that the tethered triclosan were able to substantially reduce the production of the biofilm extracellular matrix with minimal adverse affect on the bacterial cells attached to the coating surfaces. The high specificity of the coatings toward S. epidermidis indicates that a novel mode of contact-active antimicrobial activity was achieved through the disruption of processes unique to the Gram-positive cell wall. These novel UV-curable coatings have potential applications in inhibiting implantable biomedical device associated infections.

Compatibility balanced antibacterial modification based on vapor-deposited parylene coatings for biomaterials

“…7,9 However, these methods do not prevent the adhesion of bacteria and biolms aer longer periods of time. 10,11 In the second approach, surfaces are designed to eradicate bacteria before colonization by releasing antibacterial species or antiseptic materials, such as chlorhexidine, 12 triclosan, 13 metal ions, 14 or combinations of these materials. 15 There are, however, numerous problems regarding the leaching of antibiotic agents; the uses of these antibiotic/antiseptic materials are limited by their toxicity 16 and allergenicity.…”

One‐component waterborne in vivo cross‐linkable polysiloxane coatings for artificial skin

“…Cross‐linked polysiloxanes have excellent elasticity, good biocompatibility, and physiological inertness, making them ideal candidates for medical materials. The cross‐linked network of polysiloxane can be formed through various chemical reaction strategies, such as hydrosilylation (Chen, Chisholm, Stafslien, He, & Patel, ), vulcanization (Nordin, Ramli, Othman, & Ahmad, ), moisture curing (Mrowka et al, ), and so forth. In the medical field, the hydrosilylation reaction is usually adopted based on the raw materials, that is, vinyl dimethicone, hydrogen dimethicone, and Karstedt catalyst.…”

Improving the Antimicrobial and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resins via Nanomodification: An Overview

“… Incorporating into the epoxy resin of quaternary ammonium moieties, which could be formed by (a) direct reaction of NH groups along the epoxy-resin chain with alkyl bromides [ 77 , 78 , 79 ], or preparing hybrid siloxane epoxy coatings by reaction of diamine-bearing epoxy moieties with siloxane-bearing amine groups [ 80 ]; (b) dispersing quaternary ammonium polyethylenimine nanoparticles previously prepared [ 81 ]; (c) preparing polysiloxane quaternary ammonium salts, containing epoxy groups to react with amines [ 82 ] and (d) preparing poly(quaternary ammonium salt-epoxy) grafted on Ce or ZnO nanoparticles [ 83 , 84 ]. Incorporating biocidal compounds, such as triclosan [ 85 ]. …”