Novel thin‐film composite membranes containing photoreactive groups part I: Choosing the photoreactive group

Chadda, Silky; McCarry, Brian E.; Childs, Ronald F.; Rogerson, Carol V.; Tse-Sheepy, Irene; Dickson, James M.

doi:10.1002/app.1987.070340808

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…UV modification has been used to modify new membrane surfaces for gas separation, 1-6 pervaporation, 7,8 and reverse osmosis. 9 Other applications include temperature-and pH-sensitive membranes, [16][17][18][19] immobilization of proteins and enzymes on membrane surfaces, [20][21][22][23][24] molecularly imprinted membranes, 25,26 and membranes with increased surface hydrophilicity. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Our group has used the UV-assisted graft polymerization technique to decrease nonspecific protein adsorption during protein filtration by increasing membrane surface hydrophilicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…When vinyl monomers are present, free radical graft polymerization occurs at these sites, forming polymer chains that are covalently bonded to the surface. UV modification has been used to modify new membrane surfaces for gas separation, − pervaporation, , and reverse osmosis. − Other applications include temperature- and pH-sensitive membranes, − immobilization of proteins and enzymes on membrane surfaces, − molecularly imprinted membranes, , and membranes with increased surface hydrophilicity. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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UV-Assisted Graft Polymerization of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone onto Poly(ether sulfone) Ultrafiltration Membranes: Comparison of Dip versus Immersion Modification Techniques

et al. 2000

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Two different techniques were used to photochemically modify 50 kDa poly(ether sulfone) (PES) membranes with the monomer N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NVP) to increase surface wettability and decrease adsorptive fouling during the constant volume diafiltration of 0.1 wt % bovine serum albumin (BSA). The filtration performance of the modified membranes was compared to that of a commercially available PES membrane and a regenerated cellulose membrane. Both the dip and immersion modification techniques produced membranes with essentially the same wettability as regenerated cellulose, a wettability increase of 30% over the base PES membrane. There was a substantial decrease in the irreversible adsorptive fouling of the base membrane as measured by the permanent flux drop after water cleaning with respect to the initial buffer flux using either modification (from 0.42 to 0-0.09). The immersion-modified membrane with the best performance exhibited no adsorptive fouling, similar permeability, and higher rejection than the regenerated cellulose membrane. Both modification techniques sharply decreased membrane permeability at high monomer concentrations due to pore blockage by grafted polymer chains. The dip-modified membranes exhibited simultaneous loss of BSA rejection and permeability, which suggested that although radiation cleaved PES bonds and enlarged the pores, the high degree of grafted polymer chains on the surface blocked the pores and decreased the permeability. The immersionmodified membranes retained their rejection because the monomer NVP solution was found to absorb up to 88% of the emitted energy, depending on its concentration, thereby protecting the pore structure from intense irradiation. Thus, the dip and immersion techniques are useful for applications where high protein transmission and retention are desired, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV-Assisted Graft Polymerization of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone onto Poly(ether sulfone) Ultrafiltration Membranes: Comparison of Dip versus Immersion Modification Techniques

et al. 2000

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“…As a result, our group and others have utilized three main surface modification techniques: chemical, photochemical, , and low-temperature plasma. − Of these, photochemical modification has distinct advantages in simplicity, cost, and breadth of application. UV modification has been used widely for gas separation membranes, − synthesis of pervaporation and reverse osmosis membranes, , and functionalization of ultrafiltration − and environmentally (pH and temperature) sensisitve , membranes. Microfiltration , membranes have been synthesized using photoinitiated cross-linking or monomer grafting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV-Assisted Graft Polymerization of Synthetic Membranes: Mechanistic Studies

et al. 2003

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Mechanistic studies were conducted on UV-assisted graft polymerization of N-vinyl-2pyrrolidinone (NVP) onto poly(ether sulfone) (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membranes using a dip process. The molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) values of the UF membranes were 50, 70, and 100 kDa and the range of NVP monomer concentrations was 2-10 wt %. Our standard photooxidation protocol with 300-nm lamps was used. By operating below an irradiation energy, E < 4 kJ/m 2 , both homopolymerization and main-chain scission can be minimized with up to C NVP ) 5 wt % NVP concentration for all three UF membranes. A universal linear plot of the net amount grafted versus monomer concentration times irradiation energy (C NVP × E) for E < 4 kJ/m 2 was obtained for four NVP concentrations and three membranes. Resulting from graft polymerization, there appears to be a qualitative relationship between the thickness of the dense skin layer and the membrane surface roughness as measured by atomic force microscopy. Post-modification washing with ethanol was able to effectively remove entrapped homopolymer and other fragments. Also, UVassisted graft polymerization of NVP on PES UF membranes effectively reduced irreversible membrane fouling. A protocol for optimizing graft-assisted photopolymerization of PES UF membranes is provided.

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“…Compound 5, a good model for the polymeric in-deny1 system forming the thin-film layer was produced from the corresponding sulfonyl chloride (TCI America) and diethylamine by the same method used to produce compound 1 and subsequent irradiation in methanol as previously described. 2 The pK, value of the process shown in Scheme 4 was determined using ultraviolet ( UV) measurements in several methanol-water buffer solutions l2 and calculated as approximately 6.5 using the following equation:…”

Section: Reverse Osmosis Properties Of the Chemically Modified Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photochemically modified thin‐film composite membranes. II. Bromoethyl ester, dioxolan, and hydroxyethyl ester membranes

Trushinski¹,

Dickson²,

Childs³

et al. 1994

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A photochemically active thin-film composite membrane was made by the interfacial copolymerization of a mixture of 3-diazo-4-0~0-3,4-dihydr0-1,6-naphthalene disulfonylchloride and naphthalene-l,3,6-trisulfonylchloride in CCll with aqueous 1,6-hexanediamine on the surface of a polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane. The chemical functionality of the resulting polysulfonamide membrane surface was modified via a photochemical reaction in the presence of various nucleophiles to form membranes containing bromoethyl ester, dioxolan, and hydroxyethyl ester functionality. Surface analysis techniques of attenuated total reflectance-FTIR, scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ), energy disperse spectral analyzer (SEM/EDS) , and electron spectroscopy (ESCA) were used to confirm the changes in the chemistry of the thin-film composite membranes. Changes in chemistry, on irradiation, were also examined with model compounds. The reverse osmosis flux and separation of various solutes with these membranes are reported and discussed in terms of the photochemical modifications of the membrane surface.

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Novel thin‐film composite membranes containing photoreactive groups part I: Choosing the photoreactive group

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

UV-Assisted Graft Polymerization of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone onto Poly(ether sulfone) Ultrafiltration Membranes: Comparison of Dip versus Immersion Modification Techniques

UV-Assisted Graft Polymerization of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone onto Poly(ether sulfone) Ultrafiltration Membranes: Comparison of Dip versus Immersion Modification Techniques

UV-Assisted Graft Polymerization of Synthetic Membranes: Mechanistic Studies

Photochemically modified thin‐film composite membranes. II. Bromoethyl ester, dioxolan, and hydroxyethyl ester membranes

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