Novel therapies for intracerebral hemorrhage

Hemorrhagic Stroke in Children

“…Perhaps this should not be surprising; as recently as 1999, the American Heart Association Stroke Council formed a task force to recommend areas of "desperately needed" research in adult IPH [14]. IPH remains the only stroke subtype in adults without a clearly defined treatment, though many potentially effective treatments are on the horizon [76,77]. There is a paucity of literature to guide physicians who care for children with HS.…”

A Rat Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Permitting Hematoma Aspiration plus Intralesional Injection

“…intracerebral hemorrhage (iCH) is usually caused by rupture of a cerebral vessel or aneurysm [18]. iCH is the least treatable type of stroke and a major public health problem, affecting two million people worldwide each year [23].…”

“…Several therapeutic approaches for iCH are being evaluated, including stereotactic minimally invasive aspiration, neuroprotective drugs, and neural stem cell transplantation. Clinical trials addressing a single pathogenic factor, such as hemorrhage volume or hematoma enlargement, have been successfully conducted, but clinical benefit cannot be shown [12,13,15,18]. The negative results suggest that a combination of hematoma removal and local delivery of chemicals may be more effective [26].…”

Human adipose-derived stem cells for the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage in rats via femoral intravenous injection

“…The most important mechanisms involved in ICH injury consist of early hematoma growth, which is the accumulation of toxic blood components [4] that causes mechanical destruction or displacement, and peri-hematomal injury resulting mainly from the inflammation around the blood clot, contributing to delayed neuronal death [5,6]. Brain edema formation and BBB (blood-brain barrier) disruption, caused by both hematomal and peri-hematomal injuries, have also been reported to be an important component of brain injury after ICH [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Mesenchymal stem cells generated from murine or human adipose tissues have been well documented [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and have been named as adipose-derived stem cells [14,15,19,20], adipose-derived adult stem cells [21], adipose derived stromal cells [16], adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells [18], adipose tissuederived stem cells [13], and adipose tissue stromal cells [17].…”