Novel Therapies and Emerging Actives for Treatment of Luminal Breast Cancer

Abstract

Breast cancer, being the most common cancer worldwide, has threatened women health tragically. Conventionally, it is classified into three types as hormone receptor positive, HER2 positive, and triple-negative disease. Standard treatments for this neoplasm lack desired therapeutic efficacy and is associated with troublesome side effects. This irrational response is attributed to the molecular heterogenicity and biological diverse nature of tumors. So, neoteric therapies are being developed continuously in the quest to obtain an improved safety profile and therapeutic efficacy. The novel approaches primarily target key components involved in cancer cell regulating pathways like cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, DNA repair mechanisms, immunomodulation, metastasis, etc. Targeted therapies are also designed to evade resistance mechanisms involved in chemotherapy resistance. The clinical trials are too being devised to hand-pick the appropriate combination of chemical actives to achieve the projected synergism while maintaining safety criterion. For the treatment of all types of breast cancer, this review highlights standard medicines and focuses on novel targets, their involvement in cancer pathogenesis, experimental molecules being explored, their stage of development, and a description of relevant clinical trial data. All these innovative therapies have given rise to a new hope of finding a revolutionary treatment for the management of breast cancer.