Novel Therapeutics for the Treatment of Burn Infection

Salyer, Christen E; Bomholt, Christina; Beckmann, Nadine; Bergmann, Christian B; Plattner, Courtney A.; Caldwell, Charles C.

doi:10.1089/sur.2020.104

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…PL-EMP = plain, empty vesicles, CHI-EMP = empty chitosomes, PL-CHX = plain, CHX-vesicles, CHI-CHX = CHX-chitosomes. 1 Polydispersity index. 2 Entrapment efficiency (%).…”

Section: Vesicle Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the growing numbers of resistant pathogens, we need to prevent bacterial infections and treat these breaches timely and efficiently. Larger skin injuries such as burn trauma cause destruction of the first line of defence, impairing both the physical barrier and the immune system [ 1 ]. These entry points are leaving the patients more vulnerable to bacterial colonisation and infections [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Larger skin injuries such as burn trauma cause destruction of the first line of defence, impairing both the physical barrier and the immune system [ 1 ]. These entry points are leaving the patients more vulnerable to bacterial colonisation and infections [ 1 ]. Additionally, it is estimated that as much as 75% of attributable mortality in this patient group is linked to infections, making this the primary cause of death [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results are expressed as means with their respective SD (n = 3). PL-EMP = plain, empty vesicles, CHI-EMP = empty chitosomes, PL-CHX = plain, CHXvesicles, CHI-CHX = CHX-chitosomes 1. Polydispersity index.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Chitosomes-In-Chitosan Hydrogel for Acute Skin Injuries: Prevention and Infection Control

et al. 2021

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Burns and other skin injuries are growing concerns as well as challenges in an era of antimicrobial resistance. Novel treatment options to improve the prevention and eradication of infectious skin biofilm-producing pathogens, while enhancing wound healing, are urgently needed for the timely treatment of infection-prone injuries. Treatment of acute skin injuries requires tailoring of formulation to assure both proper skin retention and the appropriate release of incorporated antimicrobials. The challenge remains to formulate antimicrobials with low water solubility, which often requires carriers as the primary vehicle, followed by a secondary skin-friendly vehicle. We focused on widely used chlorhexidine formulated in the chitosan-infused nanocarriers, chitosomes, incorporated into chitosan hydrogel for improved treatment of skin injuries. To prove our hypothesis, lipid nanocarriers and chitosan-comprising nanocarriers (≈250 nm) with membrane-active antimicrobial chlorhexidine were optimized and incorporated into chitosan hydrogel. The biological and antibacterial effects of both vesicles and a vesicles-in-hydrogel system were evaluated. The chitosomes-in-chitosan hydrogel formulation demonstrated promising physical properties and were proven safe. Additionally, the chitosan-based systems, both chitosomes and chitosan hydrogel, showed an improved antimicrobial effect against S. aureus and S. epidermidis compared to the formulations without chitosan. The novel formulation could serve as a foundation for infection prevention and bacterial eradication in acute wounds.

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“…PL-EMP = plain, empty vesicles, CHI-EMP = empty chitosomes, PL-CHX = plain, CHX-vesicles, CHI-CHX = CHX-chitosomes. 1 Polydispersity index. 2 Entrapment efficiency (%).…”

Section: Vesicle Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chitosomes-In-Chitosan Hydrogel for Acute Skin Injuries: Prevention and Infection Control

et al. 2021

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“…Burn immunotherapy 61 consists of immune manipulation of the host like probiotics and therapeutic microorganisms (bacteriophages), immune modulators, tailored monoclonal antibodies, and sorbents with ExThera could be a way to remove MDR bacteria from the severe burn patient in order to reduce the escalation of large spectrum antibiotics. 39 So far, no single study has been made with ExThera sorbents in a burn population.…”

Section: What Should Be Explored: Role Of Endotoxin If Any In Severe Burn and What About Its Removal?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous renal replacement therapy under special conditions like sepsis, burn, cardiac failure, neurotrauma, and liver failure

Davenport

Honoré

2021

Seminars in Dialysis

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Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in sepsis does have a role in removing excessive fluid, and also role in removal of mediators although not proven today, and to allow fluid space in order to feed. In these conditions, continuous renal replacement therapy can improve morbidity but never mortality so far. Regarding sepsis, timing has become a more important issue after decades and is currently more discussed than dosing. Rationale of blood purification has evolved a lot in the last years regarding sepsis with the discovery of many types of sorbent allowing ideas from science fiction to become reality in 2021. Undoubtedly, COVID-19 has reactivated the interest of blood purification in sepsis but also in COVID-19. Burn is even more dependent about removal of excessive fluid as compared to sepsis. Regarding cardiac failure, ultrafiltration can improve the quality of life and morbidity when diuretics are becoming inefficient but can never improve mortality. Regarding brain injury, CRRTs have several advantages as compared to intermittent hemodialysis. In liver failure, there have been no randomized controlled trials to examine whether single-pass albumin dialysis offers advantages over standard supportive care, and there is always the cost of albumin.

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Click‐hydrogel delivered aggregation‐induced emissive nanovesicles for simultaneous remodeling and antibiosis of deep burn wounds

Chen,

Zhao,

Xie

et al. 2023

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As a high‐risk trauma, deep burns are always hindered in their repair process by decreased tissue regeneration capacity and persistent infections. In this study, we developed a simultaneous strategy for deep burn wounds treatment using functional nanovesicles with antibacterial and tissue remodeling properties, delivered via a click‐chemistry hydrogel. An aggregation‐induced emission photosensitizer of 4‐(2‐(5‐(4‐(diphenylamino)phenyl)thiophen‐2‐yl)vinyl)‐1‐(2‐hydroxyethyl) pyridin‐1‐ium bromide (THB) with excellent photodynamic properties was first prepared, and then combined with readily accessible adipose stem cells‐derived nanovesicles to generate the THB functionalized nanovesicles (THB@ANVs). The THB@ANVs showed strong antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive bacteria (up to 100% killing rate), and also beneficial effects on tissue remodeling, including promoting cell migration, cell proliferation, and regulating immunity. In addition, we prepared a click‐hydrogel of carboxymethyl chitosan for effective delivery of THB@ANVs on wounds. This hydrogel could be injected to conform to the wound morphology while responding to the acidic microenvironment. In vivo evaluations of wound healing revealed that the THB@ANVs hydrogel dressing efficiently accelerated the healing of second‐degree burn wounds by reducing bacterial growth, regulating inflammation, promoting early angiogenesis, and collagen deposition. This study provides a promising candidate of wound dressing with diverse functions for deep burn wound repair.

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Novel Therapeutics for the Treatment of Burn Infection

Cited by 8 publications

References 64 publications

Chitosomes-In-Chitosan Hydrogel for Acute Skin Injuries: Prevention and Infection Control

Chitosomes-In-Chitosan Hydrogel for Acute Skin Injuries: Prevention and Infection Control

Continuous renal replacement therapy under special conditions like sepsis, burn, cardiac failure, neurotrauma, and liver failure

Click‐hydrogel delivered aggregation‐induced emissive nanovesicles for simultaneous remodeling and antibiosis of deep burn wounds

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