Novel therapeutic strategies in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer

Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous subtype of breast cancer that is defined by negative estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status. Treating patients with TNBC remains clinically challenging, as patients are not candidates for endocrine or HER2-directed therapy. As a result, chemotherapy with traditional agents such as anthracyclines and taxanes remains the only available option with moderate success. Recent discoveries have revealed that TNBC is a heterogeneous disease at the clinical, histological and molecular levels. The use of biomarkers to identify distinct subsets of TNBC that derive the greatest benefit from presently approved as well as novel therapeutics has become the main focus of current research. The aim of this review is to explore the clinical and biological complexity of TNBC as well as identify novel therapeutic options that target the various molecular subsets of TNBC.

β‑blockers inhibit the viability of breast cancer cells by regulating the ERK/COX‑2 signaling pathway and the drug response is affected by ADRB2 single‑nucleotide polymorphisms

“…TNBC is characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) expression, which means that patients with TNBC cannot be treated with endocrine therapy or therapies targeting HER2 (2)(3)(4). Notably, conventional chemotherapy remains the principal treatment for TNBC, but is associated with a high recurrence rate (5,6).…”

Comprehensive Analysis of Differentially Expressed Profiles of lncRNAs/mRNAs and miRNAs with Associated ceRNA Networks in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

“…Due to the heterogeneity of the disease and lack of well-defined therapeutic targets, the treatment of TNBC has been a major challenge. Thus, specific targets and predictors would be of great value in the diagnosis and therapy of TNBC [16]. Accumulating evidence indicates that aberrantly expressed lncRNAs play crucial roles in tumorigenesis and progression by functioning as tumor suppressors or oncogenes.…”

The role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer patients

“…В исследование включены 70 пациенток в возрасте 28-69 лет с верифицированным диагнозом ТНРМЖ, находившихся на лечении в отделении общей онкологии НИИ онкологии Томского НИМЦ с 2007 по 2013 г. Все больные получали в неоадъювантном режиме 2-4 курса полихимиотерапии по схеме FAC (5-фторурацил 500 мг/м 2 в 1-е сут, адриамицин 50 мг/м 2 в 1-е сут, циклофосфамид 500 мг/м 2 в 1-е сут, внутривенно; ВВЕДЕНИЕ В структуре заболеваемости раком молочной железы тройной негативный подтип занимает особое место, поскольку характеризуется агрессивным течением и имеет неблагоприятный прогноз в отношении выживаемости [1][2][3]. Наиболее существенной характеристикой тройного негативного рака молочной железы (ТНРМЖ) является отсутствие мишеней воздействия для проведения гормонотерапии и таргетной терапии герцептином, что существенно затрудняет лечение данного заболевания.…”