Novel therapeutic approaches in utilizing platelet lysate in regenerative medicine: Are we ready for clinical use?

Abstract

Hemoderivative materials are used to treat different diseases. These derivatives include platelet‐rich plasma, serum, platelet gel, and platelet lysate (PL). Among them, PL contains more growth factors than the others and its production is inexpensive and easy. PL is one of the proper sources of platelet release factors. It is used in cells growth and proliferation and is a good alternative to fetal bovine serum. In recent years, the clinical use of PL has gained more appeal by scientists. PL is a solution saturated by growth factors, proteins, cytokines, and chemokines and is administered to treat different diseases such as wound healing, bone regeneration, alopecia, oral mucositis, radicular pain, osteoarthritis, and ocular diseases. In addition, it can be used in cell culture for cell therapy and tissue transplantation purposes. Platelet‐derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, insulin‐like growth factor, transforming growth factor β, and vascular endothelial growth factor are key PL growth factors playing a major role in cell proliferation, wound healing, and angiogenesis. In this paper, we scrutinized recent advances in using PL and PL‐derived growth factors to treat diseases and in regenerative medicine, and the ability to replace PL with other hemoderivative materials.

Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles promote osteoinduction of mesenchymal stromal cells

“…With regards to platelet concentrates on bone regeneration, despite promising results 1 – 3 their use in clinics entails some drawbacks: there is the lack of standardized protocols and quality controls, 1 , 4 but there is also variability among patients, leading to high heterogeneity of the obtained concentrates. 2 , 5 Alternatively, we propose the use of EVs obtained from pools of human-certified buffy coats otherwise discarded after fractionation of donated blood.…”

“…Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet lysate (PL) are platelet concentrates widely used in bone regeneration. 1 – 3 Despite the promising regenerative results of PL and PRP, their use has not yet been established as normal procedure. On the one hand, autologous concentrates are normally used, and the volume obtained can be limited; 2 some patients are not even suited for these interventions due to their medical history.…”

<p>Super Activated Platelet Lysate, a Novel Autologous Platelet Lysate, Regulates the Expression of Inflammasome and Cytokine in the Experimental Periodontitis in Rats</p>

“…22 Autologous hemoderivative materials contain human serum, PRP, and PL, etc. 9 To obtain growth factors from the platelet, a physical method which is freezing-thawing the PRP can be used. 23 Alternatively, growth factors can be obtained by disrupting the platelets using ultrasound.…”

“…8 It contains many growth factors such as platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), insulin like growth factor (IGF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and so on. 9 Tan et al demonstrated that local injection of PL could effectively treat lateral epicondylitis. 10 Tenci et al found that PL along with pectin/chitosan exhibits had a positive effect in chronic skin ulcer treatment in rats.…”

Association of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Auto-Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid Microparticles: Approach for Orthopedic Application

“…Although several clinical reports have shown that the association of PRP and HA promotes tissue regeneration, improves the mobility of patients, relieves pain and reduces the risk of infection in orthopedics treatment, studies demonstrating its effectiveness are still limited and controversial [8,9]. Most studies report the use of growth factors and cytokines from PRP only, without considering the fibrin network and its interactions with biomaterials as scaffolds.…”