Novel synthesis methods and applications of MXene-based nanomaterials (MBNs) for hazardous pollutants degradation: Future perspectives

MXenes are a family of two-dimensional (2D) composite materials based on transition metal carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides that have been attracting attention since 2011. Combination of electrical and mechanical properties with hydrophilicity makes them promising materials for biomedical applications. This review briefly discusses methods for the synthesis of MXenes, their potential applications in medicine, ranging from sensors and antibacterial agents to targeted drug delivery, cancer photo/chemotherapy, tissue engineering, bioimaging, and environmental applications such as sensors and adsorbents. We focus on in vitro and in vivo toxicity and possible mechanisms. We discuss the toxicity analogies of MXenes and other 2D materials such as graphene, mentioning the greater biocompatibility of MXenes. We identify existing barriers that hinder the formation of objective knowledge about the toxicity of MXenes. The most important of these barriers are the differences in the methods of synthesis of MXenes, their composition and structure, including the level of oxidation, the number of layers and flake size; functionalization, test concentrations, duration of exposure, and individual characteristics of biological test objects Finally, we discuss key areas for further research that need to involve new methods of nanotoxicology, including predictive computational methods. Such studies will bring closer the prospect of widespread industrial production and safe use of MXene-based products.

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“…MXene-based sensors are successfully used for detection of heavy metal ions, pesticides, and phenols, among other compounds. [ 118 , 119 , 120 ].…”

Section: Environmental Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Toxicity Assessment, Environmental and Biomedical Applications of MXenes: A Review

et al. 2022

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“…Photocatalysis is considered a relatively safer and low-cost strategy for the elimination of hazardous pollutants [ 37 , 62 , 63 ]. In this context, MXenes with distinctive lamellar structures and remarkable conductivity can be applied as nano-adsorbents to remediate environmentally toxic pollutants, and also as co-catalysts for improving photocatalytic degradation potential of the other composites in their photocatalytic performances [ 13 , 64 ]; several studies have focused on photocatalytic degradation of dyes, heavy metals, and pharmaceutical pollutants.…”

Section: Photocatalytic Degradation Of Organic and Pharmaceutical Pol...mentioning

confidence: 99%

MXene-Based Photocatalysts in Degradation of Organic and Pharmaceutical Pollutants

Iravani

Varma

2022

Molecules

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These days, explorations have focused on designing two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials with useful (photo)catalytic and environmental applications. Among them, MXene-based composites have garnered great attention owing to their unique optical, mechanical, thermal, chemical, and electronic properties. Various MXene-based photocatalysts have been inventively constructed for a variety of photocatalytic applications ranging from pollutant degradation to hydrogen evolution. They can be applied as co-catalysts in combination with assorted common photocatalysts such as metal sulfide, metal oxides, metal–organic frameworks, graphene, and graphitic carbon nitride to enhance the function of photocatalytic removal of organic/pharmaceutical pollutants, nitrogen fixation, photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, and carbon dioxide conversion, among others. High electrical conductivity, robust photothermal effects, large surface area, hydrophilicity, and abundant surface functional groups of MXenes render them as attractive candidates for photocatalytic removal of pollutants as well as improvement of photocatalytic performance of semiconductor catalysts. Herein, the most recent developments in photocatalytic degradation of organic and pharmaceutical pollutants using MXene-based composites are deliberated, with a focus on important challenges and future perspectives; techniques for fabrication of these photocatalysts are also covered.

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“…In a lockdown, nearly 1300-1340 million litres of reduction in wastewater from industries were observed each day, and river water became fit for drinking purposes (Kaur et al, 2022a;Loh et al, 2021;Siwal et al, 2022b;Siwal et al, 2021c). A 40-50% improvement has been observed in the water quality of the Ganga".…”

Section: Water Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the impact of COVID-19 on the Environment, Education, and Economy (EEE)

Kaur

Siwal

Bishnoi

et al. 2022

Biomat Polymers Horizon

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COVID-19 has intensified human suffering, undermined the economy, turned the lives of billions of people around the globe upside down, and significantly affected the health, economic, environmental, and social domains. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the ecological environment, the energy sector, society, and the economy and investigate the global preventive measures taken to reduce the transmission of COVID-19. This epidemic has caused severe demographic changes and unemployment, and economic activities have been shut down to save human lives. Transportation industries are most severely hit as global tourism has fallen to almost zero during these months. As a solution, financial institutes have introduced stimulus packages worth more than $6 trillion. However, restricted economic activities have also contributed to a cleaner environment. Here in this report, we have collected the literature based on the impacts of lockdown on (EEE); environment (such as; air pollution, water pollution, marine life, and wildlife, etc.), education (such as; positive drawbacks, and long-term effects) and economy (such as; GDP, street vendors, agriculture and food supply sector, and drug traffickers, etc.). Finally, we concluded our topic with affirmative and negative impacts of COVID-19 during the lockdown. To the best of our knowledge, this is a unique and one-of-its-kind review highlighting the essential impact of COVID-19 on the environment, education, and economy.

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Novel synthesis methods and applications of MXene-based nanomaterials (MBNs) for hazardous pollutants degradation: Future perspectives

Cited by 40 publications

References 164 publications

Synthesis, Toxicity Assessment, Environmental and Biomedical Applications of MXenes: A Review

Synthesis, Toxicity Assessment, Environmental and Biomedical Applications of MXenes: A Review

MXene-Based Photocatalysts in Degradation of Organic and Pharmaceutical Pollutants

Towards the impact of COVID-19 on the Environment, Education, and Economy (EEE)

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