Novel supramolecular organo-oil gelators for fast and effective oil trapping: Mechanism and applications

Novel Hydrophobic Polyvinyl-Alcohol Formaldehyde Sponges: Synthesis, Characterization, Fast and Effective Organic Solvent Uptake from Contaminated Soil Samples

“…Further, the peaks observed at 2875 cm −1 and 1010 cm −1 in all the sponge samples are attributed to the C–H stretching vibration of the alkyl side chain and C-O-C vibration, respectively. The stretching vibrations obtained near 1050 cm −1 and 790 cm −1 were attributed to Si-O-C and alkyl side chains C-H that finally confirmed the formation of desired sponges [ 37 , 38 ].…”

“…13 C NMR (500 MHz, DMSO), δ37.55 (7-CH 3 ), δ 39.58 (6-CH 2 ), δ 44.21(5-CH 2 ), δ 71.91(4-CH), δ 72.61(3-CH), and δ 92.41(2-CH 2 ). A total of six signals were obtained, out of which the signals at δ 37.55 (7-CH 3 ) and δ 39.58 (6-CH 2 ) were attributed to the 12-carbon side chain (grafting silane chain) contained in the hydrophobic PVFTX-100 sponge, assuring the formation of the hydrophobic sponge [ 37 , 39 , 40 ]. The following 1 H NMR data were obtained from Figure 2 b.…”

“…It was observed that the surface of the hydrophobic sponges showed random roughness with many protrusions, which played an important role in the absorption and retention of the solvents. The high roughness nature of the sponge improved the hydrophobicity of the modified sponge, and the size and number of pores in the hydrophobic sponge enabled them more appropriate organic solvents trappers from polluted soil samples [ 37 , 41 ].…”

“…After 10 min of stirring, the sponges PVFTX-100, PVFSDS, and PVFT-80 pieces prepared above were added to the reaction mixtures separately and stirred at 50 °C for 6 h. After that, the reaction mixtures were cooled down to room temperature and filtered. The obtained sponges were washed with acetonitrile 4–5 times to remove the unreactive DTMS and were further dried at 60 °C for 12 h [ 37 ]. The finally achieved hydrophobic sponges were characterized and used in batch studies for organic solvents uptake from contaminated soil samples.…”

“…The different functional groups of all the sponge samples were examined using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) (Shimadzu 8400S FTIR spectrophotometer from central instrumentation lab MM (DU) Mullana, Ambala, India). The 13 C NMR spectra was recorded on a Bruker Avance Neo 500 MHz NMR spectrometer (SAIF Lab Chandigarh, Punjab, India) using DMSO as a solvent from to further confirm the chemical structure of hydrophobic sponges [ 37 ]. Further, SEM (Scanning electron microscopy: Model JSM6100; Jeol, SAIF Lab Chandigarh, Punjab, India) studied the surface morphologies of the synthesized sponges.…”