Novel Squaraine dyes for high-performance in dye-sensitized solar cells: Photophysical properties and adsorption behavior on TiO2 with different anchoring groups

Al-horaibi, Sultan A.; Al-Odayni, Abdel-Basit; Alezzy, Abdulmajeed  A.; ALSaeedy, Mohammed; Al-Adhreai, Arwa; Saeed, Waseem Sharaf; Hasan, Ahmadi

doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135943

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The mixture was heated and refluxed under a nitrogen atmosphere for 45 h, resulting in the compound being a thick liquid with a brown-red color, yielding 68%. 1 Compound (3b) was obtained from an initial mixture of 2b (1 g, 2.11 mmol) and 1-iodododecane (0.812 g, 2.74 mmol) in 10 mL of CH 3 CN. The mixture was heated and refluxed under a nitrogen atmosphere for 45 h, resulting in the compound being a thick liquid with a brown-red color, yielding 74%.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Compound (3a)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mixture was heated and refluxed under a nitrogen atmosphere for 45 h, resulting in the compound being a thick liquid with a brown-red color, yielding 74%. 1…”

Section: Synthesis Of Compound (3a)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, achieving both high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and transparency in these solar cells requires skillful navigation of a delicate trade-off. DSSCs use organic dyes to transfer photons to electrons, exciting them to higher energy states [1,2]. Initially employing metal complex sensitizers, DSSCs have since evolved with advancements in p-type systems, metal-organic complexes, and metal-free organic dyes, expanding their potential [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 H NMR-CDCl 3 -400 MHz: δ 0.78 (t, 2CH 3 , 6H), 0.89-0.92 (m, 4CH2 , 8H), 1.20-1.34 (m, 14CH 2 , 28 H), 1.71-1.79 (m, 2CH 2 , 4H), 2.22 (s, CH 3 , 3H), 7.32 (d, Ar-H, 1H, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.21 (dd, Ar-H, 1H, J = 4 Hz), 7.16 (d, Ar-H, 1H J = 8.1 Hz). 13 CNMR-CDCl 3 : δ 14.2, 16.18, 22.7, 23.8, 28.6, 30.3, 30.5, 31.0, 32.5, 34.3, 37.9, 46.63, 64.2, 111.2, 116.0, 120.0, 146.3, 152.1, 162.2, 187.2.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Exploring DSSC Efficiency Enhancement: SQI-F and SQI-Cl Dyes with Iodolyte Electrolytes and CDCA Optimization

Al-horaibi,

Al-Odayni,

ALSaeedy

et al. 2023

Molecules

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This investigation delves into the potential use of halogen bonding to enhance both the short-circuit current (JSC) and overall efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Specifically, we synthesized two distinct dyes, SQI-F and SQI-Cl, and characterized them using FT-IR, 1HNMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectroscopy. These dyes are based on the concept of incorporating halogen atoms within unsymmetrical squaraine structures with a donor–acceptor–donor (D-A-D) configuration. This strategic design aims to achieve optimal performance within DSSCs. We conducted comprehensive assessments using DSSC devices and integrated these synthesized dyes with iodolyte electrolytes, denoted as Z-50 and Z-100. Further enhancements were achieved through the addition of CDCA. Remarkably, in the absence of CDCA, both SQI-F and SQI-Cl dyes displayed distinct photovoltaic characteristics. However, through sensitization with three equivalents of CDCA, a significant improvement in performance became evident. The peak of performance was reached with the SQI-F dye, sensitized with three equivalents of CDCA, and paired with iodolyte Z-100. This combination yielded an impressive DSSC device efficiency of 6.74%, an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.694 V, and a current density (JSC) of 13.67 mA/cm2. This substantial improvement in performance can primarily be attributed to the presence of a σ-hole, which facilitates a robust interaction between the electrolyte and the dyes anchored on the TiO2 substrate. This interaction optimizes the critical dye regeneration process within the DSSCs, ultimately leading to the observed enhancement in efficiency.

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Section: Synthesis Of Compound (3a)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mixture was heated and refluxed under a nitrogen atmosphere for 45 h, resulting in the compound being a thick liquid with a brown-red color, yielding 74%. 1…”

Section: Synthesis Of Compound (3a)mentioning

confidence: 99%