Novel Solid-State Polymer Electrolyte Consisting of a Porous Layer-by-Layer Polyelectrolyte Thin Film and Oligoethylene Glycol

Lowman, Geoffrey; Tokuhisa, Hiroaki; Lutkenhaus, Jodie L.; Hammond, Paula T.

doi:10.1021/la0485069

Cited by 55 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Whereas this self-assembly mechanism is able to produce extremely uniform films as thin as 1 nm per layer pair, because of the diffusive time scale it is not uncommon for a 25-layer-pair film to require more than 12 h to complete and thus is typically carried out by a computer-controlled slide stainer. 2 Furthermore, because LbL is typically based on an electrostatic phenomenon, the degree of ionization of each polyelectrolyte in solution, as determined by solution pH 4 or ionic strength, [5][6][7] has a profound effect on the strength of interaction felt with the surface and in turn the thickness of the adsorbed layer. 3 In the case of an absorbent substrate such as fabric, the cyclic nature of the dipping process can lead to carryover from the rinse baths to the proceeding polyelectrolyte solutions, inducing an unacceptable change in solution pH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Process for Improved Uniformity and Versatility of Layer-by-Layer Deposition

et al. 2007

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The recently developed practice of spraying polyelectrolyte solutions onto a substrate in order to construct thin films via the layer-by-layer technique has been further investigated and extended. Here we describe a fully automated system capable of depositing thin polymer films from atomized mists of solutions containing species of complementary functionality. Film growth is shown to be similar to that in conventional "dipped" LbL assembly, whereas the reported technology allows us to realize 25-fold decreases in process times. Furthermore, complete automation removes human interaction and the possibility of operator-induced nonuniformities. We extend the versatility of the spray LbL technology by depositing both weak and strong polyelectrolyte films, hydrogen-bonded films, and dendritic compounds and nanoparticles, broadening its range of future applications. Finally, the technology is used to uniformly coat an otherwise hydrophobic substrate from aqueous solutions. ESEM images indicate that the atomization process produces a conformal coating of individual nanofibers within the substrate, dramatically changing the hydrophilicity of the macroscopic surface. Such an automated system is easily converted to an array of nozzle banks and could find application in the rapid, uniform coating of large areas of textile materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Process for Improved Uniformity and Versatility of Layer-by-Layer Deposition

et al. 2007

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“…Rubner et al reported that the microporous [25] or nanoporous polymer [26] thin films were developed from multilayer films of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and PAA, followed by a low pH aqueous treatment. Hammond et al [27] also created a 5 lm microporous film from 25 bilayers of linear PEI (LPEI) and PAA, by immersing into aqueous oligoethylene glycol dicarboxylic acid (OEGDA) at a pH range of 2.0-3.0. In those systems, the as-assembled polyelectrolyte films exhibited a nonporous film structure.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fabrication of a Superhydrophobic Surface from the Amplified Exponential Growth of a Multilayer

2006

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Superhydrophobic surfaces have received much attention due to their novel aspects of surface physics and important applications ranging from self-cleaning materials to microfluidic devices. Taking their inspiration from the self-cleaning property of lotus leaves [1] and insects, [2] the biomimetic results reveal that the synergistic interaction of the hierarchical micro-and nanostructure can not only improve the surface hydrophobicity but also reduce the sliding angle (SA), which is crucial to the self-cleaning properties of these surfaces.[3] Many efforts, including electrodeposition, polymer-phase separation, sol-gel methods, and others have been carried out to develop hierarchical micro-and nanostructures to obtain superhydrophobic surfaces. [4][5][6] Layer-by-layer self-assembly (LbL), which is based on the alternating physisorption of oppositely charged building blocks, represents a method to immobilize polyelectrolytes, colloid nanoparticles, and biomacromolecules, such as enzymes, extracellular matrices (ECM), DNA, etc. [7][8] The sensitivity of the LbL multilayer towards its environment (pH, ionic strength, etc.) further provides new approaches to adjust the layered nanostructure with a tailored composition and architecture. Recently, the use of the LbL technique for constructing superhydrophobic coatings has been explored. [9][10][11][12] Shiratori and co-workers [9] first constructed multilayered films containing SiO 2 nanoparticles, which were further heated to 650°C to develop an inorganic nanostructure for superhydrophobic behavior. Zhang and co-workers [10] reported the use of polyelectrolyte multilayers as a matrix for electrochemical deposition to adjust the topography of gold and silver clusters, leading to superhydrophobic surfaces. Rubner and co-workers [11] mimicked the superhydrophobic behavior of the lotusleaf structure by creating a microporous polyelectrolyte multilayer surface over-coated with silica nanoparticles. Schlenoff and co-workers [12] created an ultrahydrophobic surface roughening on both the micrometer and nanometer scale using layer-by-layer deposition of clay and fluorinated polyelectrolytes. Most of these methods, however, developed hierarchical micro-and nanostructures by combining the multiple assembly steps and different self-assembling building blocks, such as polyelectrolytes, metals, and nanoparticles. Herein, we report the amplified exponential growth of a multilayer of polyelectrolytes as a facile method to construct hierarchical micro-and nanostructures simultaneously, which can be further transformed into superhydropobic surfaces. The 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-coated substrates were alternately immersed in an aqueous solution of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA, 3 mg mL -1

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“…[ 63 ] The process is very sensitive to the pH of the precursor solutions, and a mechanism is proposed whereby suppressed polyanion ionization results in a loss of ionic cross-links, and ultimately to a spinodal decomposition-like pore-forming event. Such fi lms have been investigated in solid electrolyte [ 64 ] and drug delivery [ 65 ] applications. Lutkenhaus et al have shown how post-formation changes in solution conditions may lead to a rich array of LbL fi lm pore structures, including the possibility of a gradient along the vertical direction, with pore sizes ranging from tens of nanometers to microns, and porosities from 0 to 77%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Nanofilm Biomaterials Via Templated Layer‐by‐Layer Assembly

Aslan

Gand³

et al. 2012

Adv Funct Materials

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Hydrogel‐like biomaterials are often too soft to support robust cell adhesion, yet methods to increase mechanical rigidity (e.g., covalent cross‐linking the gel matrix) can compromise bioactivity by suppressing the accessibility or activity of embedded biomolecules. Nanoparticle templating is reported here as a strategy toward porous, layer‐by‐layer assembled, thin polyelectrolyte films of sufficient mechanical rigidity to promote strong initial cell adhesion, and that are capable of high bioactive species loading. Latex nanoparticles are incorporated during layer‐by‐layer assembly, and following 1‐ethyl‐3‐[3‐dimethylaminopropyl]carbodiimide/N‐hydroxysulfosuccinimide (EDC‐NHS) cross‐linking of the polyelectrolyte film, are removed via exposure to tetrahydrofuran (THF). THF exposure results in only a partial reduction in film thickness (as observed by ellipsometry), suggesting the presence of internal pore space. The attachment, spreading, and metabolic activity of pre‐osteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cells cultured on templated, cross‐linked films are statistically similar to those on non‐templated films, and much greater than those on non‐cross‐linked films. Laser scanning confocal microscopy and quartz crystal microgravimetry indicate a high capacity for bioactive species loading (ca. 10% of film mass) in nanoparticle templated films. Porous nanofilm biomaterials, formed via layer‐by‐layer assembly with nanoparticle templating, promote robust cell adhesion and exhibit high bioactive species loading, and thus appear to be excellent candidates for cell‐contacting applications.

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Novel Solid-State Polymer Electrolyte Consisting of a Porous Layer-by-Layer Polyelectrolyte Thin Film and Oligoethylene Glycol

Cited by 55 publications

References 20 publications

Automated Process for Improved Uniformity and Versatility of Layer-by-Layer Deposition

Automated Process for Improved Uniformity and Versatility of Layer-by-Layer Deposition

Fabrication of a Superhydrophobic Surface from the Amplified Exponential Growth of a Multilayer

Porous Nanofilm Biomaterials Via Templated Layer‐by‐Layer Assembly

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