Novel, simple and low-cost alternative method for fabrication of paper-based microfluidics by wax dipping

Songjaroen, Temsiri; Dungchai, Wijitar; Chailapakul, Orawon; Laiwattanapaisal, Wanida

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2011.08.024

Cited by 240 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The application of paraffin wax for producing hydrophobic paper has already been demonstrated by Songjaroen et al 17 We followed a similar protocol for producing wax-modified paper where the average contact angle was 117.7 ± 1.2 . In this case, too, hysteresis was observed as the receding contact angle value was lower than the advancing contact angle, thus showing high hysteresis of 30.3 ± 5.6 (Table 1).…”

Section: Goniometer Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Thus, improving the hydrophobicity of the hydrophilic substrate represents an interesting area of research where researchers have come up with different modification mechanisms using HMDS, 14,15 wax [16][17][18] and polystyrene. 19,20 Wax and polystyrene alter the physical properties of cellulose material, and their application in producing hydrophobic barriers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17,25 One-step assay Diluted reagents (HOTT, 5-Br-PADAP, H2DZ) were manually arrayed on pristine and HMDS modified paper using Capp pipette (Odense S, Denmark). Dispensing was executed at room temperature (~21 C) where the volume of the supplied ligand droplet was ~600 nL.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hexamethyldisilazane Modified Paper as an Ultra-sensitive Platform for Visual Detection of Hg2+, Co2+, Zn2+ and the Application to Semi-quantitative Determination of Hg2+ in Wastewater

2016

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The present article reports the application of hexamethylsilazane (HMDS) modified filter paper for ultrasensitive detection of Hg 2+ , Co 2+ and Zn 2+ . By chemical vapor deposition of HMDS, a highly hydrophilic filter paper was fabricated to a low wetting (hydrophobic) substrate. The water contact angle (θ) of modified paper was ~128 , whereas scanning electron and atomic force microscopy confirmed the surface modification. Using chromogenic reagents, a one-step assay for aforementioned ions was demonstrated onto pristine as well as hydrophobic paper. The assay was completed in less than 10 min and the end-result was in form of a color change that could be easily read by the naked eye. The limit of detection on modified paper was 0.5 ppb, which was 5-order of magnitude superior to that observed on pristine paper. The proposed method was successfully applied for semi-quantitative determination of Hg 2+ ions in real wastewater samples.

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Section: Goniometer Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hexamethyldisilazane Modified Paper as an Ultra-sensitive Platform for Visual Detection of Hg2+, Co2+, Zn2+ and the Application to Semi-quantitative Determination of Hg2+ in Wastewater

2016

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“…Especially in resource-limited areas where laboratory facilities are not accessible, wax offers an alternative technology for fabricating smart platforms for point-of-use devices. For instance, Songjaroen et al [20] produced a colorimetric PAD to detect glucose and BSA by simply wax dipping chromatographic paper, while Zhang et al [21] used heated patterned iron components, coated by wax, to stamp a wax pattern into chromatographic paper, detecting hydrogen peroxide. Among several chromatographic papers, Whatman #1 is often chosen as substrate in realizing these newgeneration diagnostic devices due to its surface area, cellulose purity, porosity, uniform thickness, and lightness [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable monitoring of Zn(II) in biological fluids using office paper

Cinti

Lellis

Moscone

et al. 2017

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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a b s t r a c tHerein, we describe a sustainable and inexpensive approach to monitor Zn(II) in biological fluids by fabricating an office paper-based electrochemical sensor. By following two easy steps, consisting of wax patterning and electrode screen-printing, the office paper provides an effective electroanalytical tool that is easily extensible to a broad range of analytes. This approach would be able to develop affordable userfriendly sensing devices, tackling the lack of resources in regions with poor-settings/facilities. In order to provide more details regarding the screen-printed electrodes fabrication, office paper, Whatman #1 chromatrographic paper, and polyester have been characterized with electrochemical, morphological, and mechanical tests and compared. Using office paper, Zn(II) has been detected linearly up to 2 g/mL with a detection limit equal to 25 ng/mL and a relative standard deviation of 8%. To highlight the feasibility, reliability, and easiness of the proposed electrochemical sensor, Zn(II) has been detected in serum and sweat at physiological level ( g/mL), and the accuracy of the method has been verified by satisfactory recoveries close to 100%.

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“…6,7 Various techniques have been used to fabricate lPADs, including photolithography, 8,9 wax printing, [10][11][12] inkjet printing, [13][14][15] laser etching, 16,17 plasma treatment, 18 and use of metal/paper masks. [19][20][21][22][23] Each technique has particular advantages and drawbacks. 24 Wax printing is the most commonly used technique for fabricating hydrophilic-hydrophobic contrast materials, because it offers rapid fabrication, good resolution, and the ability to mass prototype.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining microchannels and valves on a hydrophobic paper by low-cost inkjet printing of aqueous or weak organic solutions

Cai

Zhong

et al. 2015

Biomicrofluidics

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We describe a simple and cost-effective strategy for rapid fabrication of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices and valves by inkjet printing. NaOH aqueous solution was printed onto a hydrophobic filter paper, which was previously obtained by soaking in a trimethoxyoctadecylsilane-heptane solution, allowing selective wet etching of hydrophobic cellulose to create hydrophilic-hydrophobic contrast with a relatively good resolution. Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB)-ethanol solution was printed onto hydrophobic paper to fabricate temperaturecontrolled valves. At low temperature, CTMAB deposited on the paper is insoluble in aqueous fluid, thus the paper remains hydrophobic. At high temperature, CTMAB becomes soluble so the CTMAB-deposited channel becomes hydrophilic, allowing the wicking of aqueous solution through the valve. We believe that this strategy will be very attractive for the development of simple micro analytical devices for point-of-care applications, including diagnostic testing, food safety control, and environmental monitoring. V C 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.

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Novel, simple and low-cost alternative method for fabrication of paper-based microfluidics by wax dipping

Cited by 240 publications

References 23 publications

Hexamethyldisilazane Modified Paper as an Ultra-sensitive Platform for Visual Detection of Hg2+, Co2+, Zn2+ and the Application to Semi-quantitative Determination of Hg2+ in Wastewater

Hexamethyldisilazane Modified Paper as an Ultra-sensitive Platform for Visual Detection of Hg2+, Co2+, Zn2+ and the Application to Semi-quantitative Determination of Hg2+ in Wastewater

Sustainable monitoring of Zn(II) in biological fluids using office paper

Defining microchannels and valves on a hydrophobic paper by low-cost inkjet printing of aqueous or weak organic solutions

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