Novel Silicon Doped Tin Oxide–Carbon Microspheres as Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries: The Multiple Effects Exerted by Doped Si

Abstract

Silicon doped tin oxide embedded porous carbon microspheres (Si Sn O @C) are synthesized. It is found that the doped Si not only improves the reversibility of lithiation/delithiation reactions, but also prevents Sn from aggregation. In addition, the doped Si introduces extra defects into the carbon matrix and produces Li conductive Li SiO , which accelerates Li diffusion. Together with the conductive, porous carbon matrix that provides void space to accommodate the volume change of Sn during charge/discharge cycling, the novel Si Sn O @C exhibits excellent electrochemical performance. It shows a high initial columbic efficiency of 75.9%. A charge (delithiation) capacity of 880.32 mA h g is retained after 150 cycles, i.e., 91% of the initial capacity. These results indicate that the as-synthesized Si Sn O @C is a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries.

A textile-based SnO2 ultra-flexible electrode for lithium-ion batteries

“…Three reduction peaks can be detected in the initial cathodic sweep. The weak cathodic peak located at 1.68 V may be assigned to the [ [93][94][95][96][97] As described in equation 4, the participation of the CF and low crystallinity AC is also indicated especially from the cathodic peak of 0.02V. [74,98] For large parts of the C, both the Sn and the C cathodic peaks will overlap especially for the higher values of x in equation 3.…”

SiOx as a Potential Anode Material for Li-Ion Batteries: Role of Carbon Coating, Doping, and Structural Modifications

“…The straight line at low frequency is related to the Warburg impedance (Z re ) corresponding to the Li-ion diffusion; the Warburg impedance coefficient (σ w ) can be estimated from the relations between Z re and ω −1/2 at low frequency using Eq. (9), where ω is the angular frequency [32][33][34].…”

Inorganic Gel-Derived Metallic Frameworks Enabling High-Performance Silicon Anodes

“…The positive shift indicates stronger SnO bond polarization in the hybrid framework, causing by the formation of SiOSn bonding. 48 The presence of interfacial bonding is also confirmed by Si 2p XPS spectrum of the hybrid framework, which shows an additional SiOSn peak at 102.6 eV with high intensity compared with Si particle sample (Figure S6). 49 The strong interfacial bonding of SiOSn prevents the electrochemical aggregation while accelerating ion shuttling upon repeated lithium insertion/extraction, facilitating long-term cyclic life and fast reaction kinetics.…”

“…After Si incorporation, the peak shifts from 495.0 eV (curve a) to higher binding energy (495.3 eV, curve b). The positive shift indicates stronger SnO bond polarization in the hybrid framework, causing by the formation of SiOSn bonding . The presence of interfacial bonding is also confirmed by Si 2p XPS spectrum of the hybrid framework, which shows an additional SiOSn peak at 102.6 eV with high intensity compared with Si particle sample (Figure S6).…”