Novel shampoo reduces hair shedding by contracting the arrector pili muscle via the trace amine‐associated receptor

Kovacevic, Maja; McCoy, John; Goren, Andy; Šitum, Mirna; Stanimirović, Andrija; Liu, Wei; Tan, Yimei; Vañó‐Galván, Sergio; Shapiro, Jerry; Sinclair, Rodney

doi:10.1111/jocd.13054

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This enabled us to define the fundamental 3D structure of vellus hair muscle. Since hair muscle is important for skin regeneration and cosmetics, 29 our results are expected to be helpful for the development of clinical and esthetic treatments…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative characterization of 3D structure of vellus hair arrector pili muscles by micro CT

Ezure

Amano

Matsuzaki

2022

Skin Research and Technology

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Background Vellus hair is the fine, wispy hair found over most of the body surface, and the arrector pili muscles (hair muscle) serve to raise these hairs. Hair muscles are also critical for skin regeneration, contributing to the maintenance of stem cells in epidermis and hair follicles. However, little is known about their fundamental properties, especially their structure, because of the limitations of conventional two‐dimensional histological analysis. Objectives We aimed to quantitatively characterize the structure of vellus hair muscles by establishing a method to visualize the 3D structure of hair muscle. Methods We observed young female abdominal skin specimens by means of X‐ray micro CT and identified hair muscles in each cross‐sectional CT image. We then digitally reconstructed the 3D structure of the hair muscles on computer (digital‐3D skin), and numerically evaluated their structural parameters. Results Vellus hair muscles were clearly distinguished from the surrounding dermal layer in X‐ray micro CT images and were digitally reconstructed in 3D from those images for quantification of the structural parameters. The mean value of number of divisions of vellus hair muscles was 1.6, mean depth was 943.6 μm from the skin surface, mean angle to the skin surface was 28.8 degrees, and mean length was 1657.9 μm. These values showed relatively little variation among subjects. The mean muscle volume was approximately 20 million μm3 but showed greater variability than the other parameters. Conclusion Digital‐3D skin technology is a powerful approach to understand the tiny but complex 3D structure of vellus hair muscles. The fundamental nature of vellus hair muscles was characterized in terms of their 3D structural parameters, including number of divisions, angle to the skin surface, depth, and volume.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative characterization of 3D structure of vellus hair arrector pili muscles by micro CT

Ezure

Amano

Matsuzaki

2022

Skin Research and Technology

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“…Recently, their potential role in hair follicle growth and pigmentation has garnered attention. Kovacevic et al (2019) formulated a novel shampoo containing tyramine, which reduced hair shedding in women by contracting the arrector pili muscle through the trace amine-associated receptor. Liu et al (2002) reported that injecting additional spermidine into Merino lamb skin stimulated cell proliferation in the wool bulb and led to fiber growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive profiling of amino and carbonyl compounds in the Hong Yao sour soup, a type of fermented sour soup, in Huangluo Yao Village of Guangxi, China

Wang,

Shi,

Sato

2023

Journal of Food Bioactives

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Fermented sour soup is a traditional condiment in daily southwestern Chinese cuisine. Compounds found in Hong Yao sour soup were fractionated using size-exclusion chromatography. Amino compounds were identified through derivatization with 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate and liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with precursor scan, followed by identification using product ion scan. Other compounds lacking amino groups were isolated using solid-phase extraction with a strong cation exchanger and detected through LC-MS in full scan mode. Carbonyl compounds, including carboxylic acids, were detected and identified by derivatization with 2-nitrophenylhydrazine and LC-MS/MS. Besides amino acids and carboxylic acids including lactic and acetic acid, amino acid metabolites such as monoamines (tyramine, pyrrolidine, tryptamine), polyamines (cadaverine, putrescine), N-acetyl- and N-lacoyl-amino acids, and α-keto acids from Val, Ile, and Leu were also detected. However, unlike Japanese rice wine, only a few dipeptides were detected. This information aids in understanding the unique characteristics of Hong Yao sour soup.

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“…Most intriguingly and in contrast to experiments performed with overexpressed TAAR1 in cell systems as HEK cells, 3-T1AM mediates effects on TAAR1/TAAR2 at nanomolar concentrations in vivo [25]. Of note, TAAR expression (yet unknown subtype) in smooth muscle (part of connecting hair follicles in the scalp to the inner epidermis) and activation by trace amines, such as TYR in shampoo, was recently suspected to reduce hair shedding after washing [26].…”

Section: Trace Amine-associated Receptors As 3-t1am Targetsmentioning

confidence: 98%

3-Iodothyronamine Induces Diverse Signaling Effects at Different Aminergic and Non-Aminergic G-Protein Coupled Receptors

Biebermann

Kleinau²

2019

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes

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The thyroid hormone metabolite 3-iodothyronamine (3-T1AM) exerts diverse physiological reactions such as a decrease of body temperature, and negative inotropic and chronotropic effects. This observed pleomorphic effect in physiology can be barely explained by interaction with only one target protein such as the trace-amine receptor 1 (TAAR1), a class A G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR). Moreover, Taar1 knock-out mice still react to 3-T1AM through physiological responses with a rapid decrease in body temperature. These facts propelled our group and others to search for further targets for this molecule.The group of TAARs evolved early in evolution and, according to sequence similarities, they are closely related to adrenoceptors and other aminergic receptors. Therefore, several of these receptors were characterized by their potential to interplay with 3-T1AM. Indeed, 3-T1AM acts as a positive allosteric modulator on the beta2-adrenoceptor (ADRB2) and as a biased agonist on the serotonin receptor 1B (5HT1b) and the alpha2-adrenoceptor (ADRA2A). In addition, 3-T1AM was reported to be a weak antagonist at a non-aminergic muscarinic receptor (M3).These findings impressively reflect that such trace amines can unselectively and simultaneously function at different receptors expressed by one cell or at different tissues. In conclusion, the role of 3-T1AM is hypothesized to concert the fine-tuning of specific cell reactions by the accentuation of certain pathways dependent on distinct receptors. 3-T1AM acts as a regulator of signals by blocking, modulating, or inducing simultaneously distinct intracellular signaling cascades via different GPCRs.

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Novel shampoo reduces hair shedding by contracting the arrector pili muscle via the trace amine‐associated receptor

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Quantitative characterization of 3D structure of vellus hair arrector pili muscles by micro CT

Quantitative characterization of 3D structure of vellus hair arrector pili muscles by micro CT

Comprehensive profiling of amino and carbonyl compounds in the Hong Yao sour soup, a type of fermented sour soup, in Huangluo Yao Village of Guangxi, China

3-Iodothyronamine Induces Diverse Signaling Effects at Different Aminergic and Non-Aminergic G-Protein Coupled Receptors

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