Novel service protocol for supporting remote and mobile users in wireless sensor networks with multiple static sinks

Lee, Euisin; Park, Soochang; Lee, Jeongcheol; Oh, Seungmin; Kim, Sang-Ha

doi:10.1007/s11276-011-0320-4

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In some aspects, this is similar to using several static sinks. However, using several static sinks requires additional global communication for collecting all of the data at a single final point [16,17].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Mobile Data Collectors to Enhance Energy Efficiency a nd Reliability in Delay Tolerant Wireless Sensor Networks

Yasmine-Derdour¹,

Bouabdellah-Kechar²,

al-Khelfi³

2015

J Inf Process Syst

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A primary task in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is data collection. The main objective of this task is to collect sensor readings from sensor fields at predetermined sinks using routing protocols without conducting network processing at intermediate nodes, which have been proved as being inefficient in many research studies using a static sink. The major drawback is that sensor nodes near a data sink are prone to dissipate more energy power than those far away due to their role as relay nodes. Recently, novel WSN architectures based on mobile sinks and mobile relay nodes, which are able to move inside the region of a deployed WSN, which has been developed in most research works related to mobile WSN mainly exploit mobility to reduce and balance energy consumption to enhance communication reliability among sensor nodes. Our main purpose in this paper is to propose a solution to the problem of deploying mobile data collectors for alleviating the high traffic load and resulting bottleneck in a sink's vicinity, which are caused by static approaches. For this reason, several WSNs based on mobile elements have been proposed. We studied two key issues in WSN mobility: the impact of the mobile element (sink or relay nodes) and the impact of the mobility model on WSN based on its performance expressed in terms of energy efficiency and reliability. We conducted an extensive set of simulation experiments. The results obtained reveal that the collection approach based on relay nodes and the mobility model based on stochastic perform better.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Mobile Data Collectors to Enhance Energy Efficiency a nd Reliability in Delay Tolerant Wireless Sensor Networks

Yasmine-Derdour¹,

Bouabdellah-Kechar²,

al-Khelfi³

2015

J Inf Process Syst

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“…In some aspects, this is similar to using several static sinks – however, using several static sinks requires additional global communication for collecting all data at a single final point [12].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Static vs. mobile sink: The influence of basic parameters on energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks

Khan

Gansterer

Haring

2013

Computer Communications

167

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Over the last decade a large number of routing protocols has been designed for achieving energy efficiency in data collecting wireless sensor networks. The drawbacks of using a static sink are well known. It has been argued in the literature that a mobile sink may improve the energy dissipation compared to a static one. Some authors focus on minimizing Emax, the maximum energy dissipation of any single node in the network, while others aim at minimizing Ebar, the average energy dissipation over all nodes. In our paper we take a more holistic view, considering both Emax and Ebar.The main contribution of this paper is to provide a simulation-based analysis of the energy efficiency of WSNs with static and mobile sinks. The focus is on two important configuration parameters: mobility path of the sink and duty cycling value of the nodes. On the one hand, it is well known that in the case of a mobile sink with fixed trajectory the choice of the mobility path influences energy efficiency. On the other hand, in some types of applications sensor nodes spend a rather large fraction of their total lifetime in idle mode, and therefore higher energy efficiency can be achieved by using the concept of reduced duty cycles. In particular, we quantitatively analyze the influence of duty cycling and the mobility radius of the sink as well as their interrelationship in terms of energy consumption for a well-defined model scenario. The analysis starts from general load considerations and is refined into a geometrical model. This model is validated by simulations which are more realistic in terms of duty cycling than previous work.It is illustrated that over all possible configuration scenarios in terms of duty cycle and mobility radius of the sink the energy dissipation in the WSN can vary up to a factor of nine in terms of Emax and up to a factor of 17 in terms of Ebar. It turns out that in general the choice of the duty cycle value is more important for achieving energy efficiency than the choice of the mobility radius of the sink. Moreover, for small values of the duty cycle, a static sink turns out to be optimal in terms of both Emax and Ebar. For larger values of the duty cycle, a mobile sink has advantages over a static sink, especially in terms of Emax. These insights into the basic interrelationship between duty cycle value and mobility radius of a mobile sink are relevant for energy efficient operation of homogeneous WSNs beyond our model scenario.

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“…In this section, we briefly describe some of the most relevant previously published works in to use WSNs for animal tracking purposes. In [13] and [14], it is proposed the use of WSNs with several static sensor nodes, increasing the efficiency, but with the largest problem of planting static sink nodes in very specific locations, which should be known and close to the BS. Contrary to previous works, we focus on applications where a single node is randomly placed in order to cover a high area relatively apart from other nodes in order to reduce the number of nodes and increase the system's coverage.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of Wireless Sensor Networks for Animal Tracking in Large Monitoring Polar Regions Using Phase-Type Distributions and Single Sensor Model

2019

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Data gathering through wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has been used for the monitoring of endangered species. However, when it comes to animals that live in difficult access environments with large areas, where human access is extremely difficult, such as in polar regions, remote monitoring by traditional methods becomes complicated and even inefficient. This paper proposes the characterization of the animal random trajectories by means of the random walk model in order to select the appropriate detection range and number of nodes to guarantee a target detection probability. The animals are detected by static gatherer sensor nodes placed on land either by mobile sensor nodes attached to the animal or by land sensor nodes that detect them through movement, sound, or temperature among other methods. Due to their natural movement, the animal may be outside or inside the sensor nodes coverage radius. In order to reduce energy consumption, it is proposed that nodes be active and inactive, effectively increasing the system lifetime. As such, an inherent compromise between energy consumption and reporting efficiency is present in the design of the network. Building on this, careful network design is required in order to calculate the probability of successful detection and system lifetime. To this end, a mathematical model based on a Markov chain is proposed and developed. The model suitability is assessed via numerical simulations. The obtained results allow concluding that their trajectories can be modeled using specific phase type distributions. Finally, instead of considering that in polar regions, it is not feasible to have a conventional WSNs, where many nodes are placed together, single nodes are placed in strategic locations isolated among them, and communication between nodes is not possible. As such, it proposes a novel and simplified model, where a single sensor is used to analyze the performance of the complete multi-sensor network. INDEX TERMS Polar regions, animal monitoring, WSN, random walk, probability of successful detection, mathematical model, Markov chain. I. INTRODUCTION Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) emerge by the convergence of internet, communication and information technologies and by the coupling of sensor nodes which, due to technological advances, are becoming smaller, with larger processing capacity, lower energy consumption and costs. This gives rise to a leap on traditional techniques in the The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was William Emery. monitoring and control of activities of military, industrial and civil nature, among others. A WSN can be defined as a set of sensor nodes in a network, which have characteristics and requirements that depend on the application [1], [2]; in recent years, for environmental, vegetation or animal monitoring, in cases where human access is practically impossible or very expensive, as in the artic regions, the use of wireless sensors has been chosen. These sensors typically have limited pro...

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Novel service protocol for supporting remote and mobile users in wireless sensor networks with multiple static sinks

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

Using Mobile Data Collectors to Enhance Energy Efficiency a nd Reliability in Delay Tolerant Wireless Sensor Networks

Using Mobile Data Collectors to Enhance Energy Efficiency a nd Reliability in Delay Tolerant Wireless Sensor Networks

Static vs. mobile sink: The influence of basic parameters on energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks

Design and Analysis of Wireless Sensor Networks for Animal Tracking in Large Monitoring Polar Regions Using Phase-Type Distributions and Single Sensor Model

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