Novel sampling methods for atmospheric semi-volatile organic compounds (SOCs) in a high altitude alpine environment

Offenthaler, Ivo; Jakobi, Gert; Kaiser, August; Kirchner, M.; Kräuchi, Norbert; Niedermoser, Bernhard; Schramm, Karl‐Werner; Sedivy, Isabella; Staudinger, Michael; Thanner, G.; Weiß, Peter; Moche, Wolfgang

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2009.05.053

Cited by 15 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…An active air sampling device as described in a publication of Offenthaler et al [28] was used in this study. Low volume samplers (flow rate: 3 m 3 h À1 ; DigitelEnviro-Sense, Hegnau, Switzerland) were used, which comprised four XAD cartridges (XAD-2 resin, 50 g) and for each XAD cartridge, there was a glass fibre filter (GF8, Ø ¼ 45 mm).…”

Section: Samplers and Source Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…air masses from certain origin when the corresponding filter was in operation. [28] Breakthrough experiment For 6:2, 8:2 and 10:2 FTOH, tests of breakthrough in the active air sampling were carried out indoors at the Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany, where FTOHs were detected. A filter unit with a glass fibre filter (GF8, Ø ¼ 45 mm), a first cartridge with 50 g of XAD-2 (equivalent to a normal sample) and a second cartridge with 50 g of XAD-2 (collecting compounds that have a breakthrough) were connected in line.…”

Section: Trajectory Prediction and Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three European sectors and one mixed origin were differentiated, and they were (1) areas north-west of the Alps (denoted by NW), including Germany, Great Britain, Belgium and the Netherlands, (2) areas north-east of the Alps (denoted by NE), including the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Poland, (3) the Po basin in Italy (denoted by S) and (4) the mixed origin (denoted by M) indicating the air masses having a residence time of less than 2-3 days over any regions before the sampling site, and these were typically fast air masses moving from the Atlantic or the Arctic or descending from high altitudes. [28] The status such as the cartridge in operation, temperature and sampling air volume was recorded and retrieved as required. The sampling campaign was initiated in 2007 and ended in 2010.…”

Section: Samplers and Source Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[27] Herein, a novel sampling method depending on the air trajectory prediction was developed to investigate the LRAT of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs). [28] In this study, the sampling method established by Offenthaler et al [28] was applied to study the occurrences of FTOH at two alpine summits (Sonnblick and Zugspitze). On the basis of an hourly trajectory prediction, air masses arriving from the NW (areas to the north-west of the Alps, including Germany, Great Britain, Belgium and the Netherlands), NE (areas in the northeast of Alps, including the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Poland), S (the Po basin in the Italy) and M (the mixed origin, air mass moving from the Atlantic or the Arctic, or descending from high altitudes) were sampled separately, and analysed for 6:2, 8:2 and 10:2 FTOH.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Semi-volatile organic pollutants are normally transported via the atmosphere to the Alpine area. [26][27][28] However, there are no studies investigating the occurrences and temporal trends of FTOHs in the Alpine atmosphere, which restricts our comprehensive understanding of their risks to human and environmental health. In particular, PFCAs have been detected in Alpine lake sediment.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of fluorotelomer alcohols at two Alpine summits: sources, transport and temporal trends

Henkelmann

et al. 2017

Environ. Chem.

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Environmental context. The transport and fate of organic pollutants such as fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) in the atmosphere affect their risks to the environment and human health. On the basis of hourly trajectory predictions, we found that, from 2007 to 2010, individual levels of 6:2, 8:2 and 10:2 FTOH were from nondetectable to 72.4 pg m À3 at two Alpine summits. Air mass origin was an important factor determining the Alpine atmospheric FTOH levels.Abstract. The transport and fate of fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) in the atmosphere affect their risks to the environment and human health. In this study, we aimed to investigate the sources, transport and temporal variations of FTOHs (6:2, 8:2 and 10:2 FTOH) at two Alpine summits (Sonnblick and Zugspitze). The active air sampler consisting of four XAD cartridges was applied to collect FTOHs from 2007 to 2010. Four separate cartridges were assigned for four air flow regimes (three European sectors and one mixed source origin), and switched and controlled on the basis of an hourly trajectory prediction. FTOH (6:2, 8:2 and 10:2) was measured with individual concentrations ranging from less than the limit of detection to 72.4 pg m À3 . Also, 8:2 FTOH was the dominant compound, accounting for 41-72 % of the total FTOH (SFTOH) concentration. Significant differences were not observed in FTOH concentrations between Sonnblick and Zugspitze since the two sites are relatively close compared with the geographic extent of the area studied. Air-flow regime was an important factor determining the atmospheric FTOH levels. Particularly at Zugspitze, air mass from the NE (regions north-east of the Alps) showed the highest median SFTOH concentration (36.9 pg m À3 ), followed by S (the Po basin in Italy), NW (regions north-west of Alps) and M (mixed source origin, polar regions or high altitudes). Furthermore, the seasonal variation in FTOH concentrations was not correlated with the site temperatures, but was dependent on the wind speed. Overall, the results indicated low FTOH concentrations at these two Alpine summits compared with European populated cities and provided important information for understanding the fate of FTOHs in the Alpine atmosphere.

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Section: Samplers and Source Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trajectory Prediction and Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Samplers and Source Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of fluorotelomer alcohols at two Alpine summits: sources, transport and temporal trends

Henkelmann

et al. 2017

Environ. Chem.

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The occurrence and environmental effect of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Taurus Mountains soils

Turgut

Atatanır

Mazmanci

et al. 2011

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Bulk atmospheric deposition of persistent organic pollutants and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Central Europe

Nežiková

Degrendele

Čupr

et al. 2019

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are ubiquitous and toxic contaminants. Their atmospheric deposition fluxes on the regional scale were quantified based on simultaneous sampling during 1 to 5 years at 1 to 6 background/rural sites in the Czech Republic and Austria. The samples were extracted and analysed by means of gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. For all seasons and sites, total deposition fluxes for Σ 15 PAHs ranged 23–1100 ng m −2 d −1 , while those for Σ6PCBs and Σ12OCPs ranged 64–4400 and 410–7800 pg m −2 d −1 , respectively. Fluoranthene and pyrene were the main contributors to the PAH deposition fluxes, accounting on average for 19% each, while deposition fluxes of PCBs and OCPs were dominated by PCB153 (26%) and γ -hexachlorobenzene (30%), respectively. The highest deposition flux of Σ 15 PAHs was generally found in spring, while no seasonality was found for PCB deposition. For deposition fluxes for Σ 12 OCPs, no clear spatial trend was found, confirming the perception of long-lived regional pollutants. Although most OCPs and PCBs hardly partition to the particulate phase in ambient air, on average, 42% of their deposition fluxes were found on filters, confirming the perception that particle deposition is more efficient than dry gaseous deposition. Due to methodological constraints, fluxes derived from bulk deposition samplers should be understood as lower estimates, in particular with regard to those substances which in ambient aerosols mostly partition to the particulate phase. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11356-019-05464-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Novel sampling methods for atmospheric semi-volatile organic compounds (SOCs) in a high altitude alpine environment

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Occurrence of fluorotelomer alcohols at two Alpine summits: sources, transport and temporal trends

Occurrence of fluorotelomer alcohols at two Alpine summits: sources, transport and temporal trends

The occurrence and environmental effect of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Taurus Mountains soils

Bulk atmospheric deposition of persistent organic pollutants and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Central Europe

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