Novel reaction route for dimethyl carbonate synthesis from CO2 and methanol

Zhao, Tiansheng; Han, Yizhuo; Sun, Yuhan

doi:10.1016/s0378-3820(99)00118-6

Cited by 99 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…[2] The second approach is to use CO 2 as a cheap source of carbon to produce high-value chemicals such as methane, higher hydrocarbons, methanol, and formic acid. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Onsite conversion of CO 2 to CH 4 on an industrial scale can be economically attractive as it can avoid the expensive distribution process of natural gas. The current conversion processes involve heating CO 2 and H 2 in the presence of metal or metal oxide catalysts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations of the Conversion of Inorganic Carbonates to Methane

2009

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Inorganic carbonates, which occur abundantly on earth, constitute an inexpensive natural source of carbon. Therefore, the direct conversion of these carbonates into methane is of considerable importance. Thermal decomposition of transition metal carbonates with the composition MCa(CO(3))(2) (where M=Co, Ni, or Fe, and M/Ca is 1:1) and M(1)M(2)Ca(CO(3))(3) (where M(1)M(2)=CoNi, NiFe, or FeCo, and M(1)/M(2)/Ca is 1:1:2) shows that the reduced transition metals in combination with metal oxide nanoparticles (e.g., Co/CoO/CaO) act as catalysts for the conversion of CO(2) (produced from the carbonates) into methane. The favorable decomposition conditions include heating at 550 degrees C in an H(2) atmosphere for 5-6 h. These catalysts are found to be excellent for the methanation of CaCO(3), exhibiting high efficiency in the utilization of H(2) with 100 % conversion and 100 % selectivity. The best catalyst for conversion of CaCO(3) into CH(4) is Co/CoO/CaO. There are also indications that similar catalysts based on Fe may yield higher hydrocarbons.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations of the Conversion of Inorganic Carbonates to Methane

2009

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“…Methanol shows low toxicity compared to the chemicals used on the other routes, and is also economically attractive since the price is around 0.320 US $ kg -1 (this price was estimated for production of methanol from coal in China in 2011 [76]). The low reaction rate and high thermodynamic limitations [77,78] the main barriers to the industrial implementation of this route. This route will be discussed in detail in the next section.…”

Section: Direct Carbonylation Of Methanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review for the Direct Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate

et al. 2014

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This review summarizes the state-of-the-art for direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from carbon dioxide and methanol. In addition, conventional and alternative processes are also discussed in order to understand the advantages and disadvantages of the direct synthesis of DMC. Furthermore, the major applications of DMC are described: solvent, fuels additive, and building block for organic synthesis. The major drawbacks of the direct synthesis of DMC are the low yield and reaction rate, mostly induced by the highly stable carbon dioxide molecules. The development of novel catalyst and strategies to enhance the DMC yield -such as dehydrating agents that remove the water from the reacting mixture -are pointed out as the key solution for this route. Therefore, the main catalysts (homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts) used so far are presented, together with the respective operating conditions and catalyst performance. The use of different dehydrating agents to increase the DMC yield is also discussed.

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“…The enthalpy and free energy calculations of the reaction from methanol (Equation 7.8 ) show that the reaction is slightly exothermic, but does not occur spontaneously due to ∆ G > 0. Whilst the available data are obtained at a constant temperature and pressure, and are for ideal fl uids [12,85,86] , this clearly this does not correspond to the " real " situation. Indeed, in one study it was shown that tuning the phase behavior had a signifi cant impact on the equilibrium for DMC synthesis [87] .…”

Section: Direct Routementioning

confidence: 99%